Topic: chance

Kathryn Paige Harden examines the contribution of genetic variation to complex human behaviour. The discussion explores why genetic effects are rarely simple or direct and how experience and chance complicate claims about responsibility. Drawing on her book about genetics and vice, it considers implications for blame, punishment and forgiveness without reducing moral behaviour to individual genes.

David Spiegelhalter discusses how to reason about chance, incomplete knowledge, risk and luck. Drawing on his book The Art of Uncertainty, the conversation moves between everyday surprises and consequential historical decisions. It examines why uncertainty can be personal and why disagreement can help people reason more carefully.