Topic: cisternal organelle

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of membranes that regulates different cellular processes such as protein and lipid biogenesis, Ca2+ homeostasis and transport. Within neurons, the ER surface is huge and forms distinct structures depending on its cellular localization. Dense stacks of ER membranes, known as cisterna, have been identified in neurons, notably within the axonal initial segment (AIS, cisternal organelle) and dendritic spines (spine apparatus). While the specific functions of these cisternal structures are not fully understood, their role in spines is associated with calc

High-frequency oscillations (HFOs) have been observed to be particularly prominent in brain regions responsible for seizure initiation and propagation. Connexins play a crucial role in fast intercellular communication within the brain, as they are integral components of gap junctions, which facilitate direct cytoplasmic connections between neighboring cells. Recent studies identified clusters of connexins within the rodent CNS, specifically along the axon initial segment (AIS), a critical neuronal microdomain responsible for the initiation of action potentials. However, details about the subce