Cortical microcircuits

…On the other hand, cortical microcircuits seem to implement them via (near) orthogonal population-activity patterns. But how are these local geometries combined at the level of cortex-wide dynamics? To answer this, we developed a new task for mice navigating in virtual reality (VR) to temporally disentangle different cognitive computations. Mice first accumulate evidence to determine the predominant color of a random

…(E-I) is a key functional property of cortical microcircuits [1] which changes through lifespan. Adolescence is considered a crucial period for the maturation of E-I balance [2,3]. This has been primarily observed in animal studies, and human in vivo evidence on adolescent maturation of the E-I balance at an individual level is limited. Here, we investigated an in vivo marker of regional E-I balance in human adolescents based on individualized biophysical network models. Methods: Regional E-I balance was estimated using large-scale simulati

…Experimental data on cortical microcircuits [1][2] suggest that the genetic code determines synaptic connection probabilities between neurons based on their genetic types and spatial distances. We propose that these connection probabilities, rather than individual synaptic weight

Fast cortical processing is required in many scenarios where both sensory input and the corresponding cognitive responses change rapidly. Therefore, efficient learning in such networks needs to tackle the issue of credit assignment continuously, in real time. Recent years have witnessed a surge of cortical learning models which address this question by approximating the error backpropagation algorithm. However, all of these either require long relaxation phases following a change in sensory stimuli, which renders them unable to cope with the fast time scales imposed by, e.g., saccades, or impo

…components are generated at cortical microcircuits, and how their dynamics can be studied across multiple areas. Thereafter, a case study of a patient with akinetic mutism will be presented,