Topic: Diabetes mellitus

Peripheral diabetic neuropathy (DN) affects 50% of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients and approximately 40-50% progress to painful diabetic neuropathy (pDN). Risk factors for pDN include high alcohol consumption, obesity, and low vitamin D levels, all associated with impaired oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) differentiation. Additionally, studies indicate that depletion of mature myelinating oligodendrocytes induces nociceptive responses in mice. These findings suggest that DM might disrupt oligodendrocyte dynamics, causing defects in central nervous system (CNS) myelin and the onset of neur

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia due to lack of insulin production or function. Chronic hyperglycemia leads to damage microvascular dysfunction, including in hippocampus. Previous studies found that diabetes can cause blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and implicate cognitive decline in the hippocampus. BBB comprises endothelial cells attached with tight junctions to protect pathogens in circulation through the brain parenchyma. Interestingly, melatonin, a neurohormone secreted from pineal gland, is a neuroprotective effect and plays a vital role in learning and memory. T

Hypoinsulinemia is a pathological consequence of diabetes mellitus that can stimulate the development of neurodegenerative processes in the brain due to dysfunction of insulin signaling cascades into neurons and impaired synaptic plasticity properties. We used the whole-cell patch-clamp recording of evoked glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) with the local stimulation of presynaptic axon to investigate the insulin (100 nM) effect on the paired-pulse plasticity at cultured hippocampal neurons under hypoinsulinemia (4 days insulin-free media incubation).At control normoinsuli

Diabetes mellitus is a widespread disorder and hypoglycaemia is one of the most serious complications. The outcome might be influenced by several factors, such as the sex, previous fasting or the time of day when the episode occurs (see e.g. Somogyi effect). Our aim was to reveal these influencing factors using an insulin-induced hypoglycaemia model in Wistar rats.Fast-acting insulin (Novorapid, NR, 20NE/100g/0.2ml saline) or saline were injected intraperitoneally at the beginning of the light or dark phase (9am or 9pm) with or without 12h fasting. 60 minutes after intervention we collected tr

Painful diabetic neuropathy (pDN) is a serious, chronic complication affecting about 10-20% of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, but the underlying cause remains unknown. Hints from risk factor assessment and literature point towards a role of oligodendrocyte and myelin homeostasis. Along this line, the main aim of the project is to identify adaptations occurring in the oligodendrocyte lineage due to the metabolic imbalances triggered by DM and determine which of these adaptations are crucial for the development of neuropathic pain. The high-fat high-sugar diet-induced type 2 DM mouse model is