Topic: disease severity

Marcus Altfeld and Molly Ingersoll examine how biological sex influences susceptibility to infection, disease severity and treatment outcomes. The discussion focuses on mucosal immune responses, interferon signalling and their downstream effects. It brings together research at the intersection of sex biology and immunology to distinguish current understanding from unresolved questions and consider implications for infectious-disease research and treatment.

This workshop connects genomic discovery with prediction of epilepsy outcomes. It examines genome-based multi-omics in multigenerational cohorts, multimodal deep learning that combines clinical and genomic information to predict antiseizure medication response, and polygenic risk scores integrated with machine learning to estimate disease severity and seizure control. The presentations link these complementary approaches to the problem of clinical heterogeneity and assess their practical role in more individualized treatment. Sunday 6 December, 14:00–15:30 Mountain Standard Time (America/Denv

We recently analyzed a large cohort of multiple sclerosis (MS) autopsy cases of the Netherlands Brain Bank (NBB) and showed that 57% of the lesion in advanced MS is active (containing activated microglia/macrophages). These active lesions correlated with disease severity and differed between males and female MS patients.1 Already in normal appearing white matter microglia show early signs of demyelination.5 T cells are also frequently present in advanced stages of MS and have a tissue resident memory (Trm) phenotype, are more frequently CD8+ then CD4+, are located perivascular, enriched in act