Electroencephalography (EEG)

Reward expectations – one’s prediction about the likelihood of future outcomes - play a central role in shaping the satisfaction derived from those outcomes. Most existing research treats expectations as static, assuming they remain fixed in time. However, real-life expectations are often dynamic, fluctuating as new information becomes available. For example, during a soccer game, your expectations of seeing your team winning will likely rise and fall as the game unfolds. In the main part of this talk, I will present a series of studies demonstrating that human expectations can be tracked at s

Synchronous movements of the entire face, from grimacing to chewing, offer significant insights into internal states. Mice, with discernible facial responses and evolutionarily conserved mammalian facial movement control circuits, provide an ideal model to unravel the link between facial movement and internal physiological states in mammals. While complex facial movements are orchestrated synchronous activity of muscles spread throughout the face, existing frameworks lack the spatial or temporal resolution to sensitively track motion of the entire mouse face, due to its small and conical form

…mitigate this variability by analyzing electroencephalography (EEG) signals to determine the optimal timing for stimulation. However, existing EEG-informed TMS methodologies are predominantly open-loop, relying on predefined brain states and disregarding immediate and long-term stimulation effects [1, 2, 3]. Here, we propose an adaptive closed-loop TMS approach that allows dynamically adjusting stimula

…(E-I balance), assessable through electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). Through simulations and in vivo local field potential assessments, it has been demonstrated that a reduced slope of the aperiodic component indicates an excitatory state, whereas an increased slope suggests an inhibitory state. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of the aperiodic slope as a marker for E-I balance in somatose

…Here, we ran two electroencephalography (EEG) experiments using a modified version of the standard Random Dot Kinematogram (RDK). In our tasks (N = 22, N = 21), two pulses of evidence were presented separated by "gaps" of vary

Temporal prediction is the ability to anticipate the occurrence of events, and has been shown to optimize behavior, e.g., reducing reaction times. Recently, optimized behavior has been associated with a phase adjustment of ongoing neural oscillations aligning with the expected onset of upcoming stimuli. In ageing, there is some evidence that these mechanisms might be altered; however, findings are inconsistent. Thus, we aimed to investigate how anticipatory oscillatory markers of temporal prediction change with ageing, adapting a previously used temporal prediction task while measuring electro

Decisions are often biased by implicit or explicit preferences for one response alternative over another. Recent work suggests that such decision biases are influenced by task-evoked (phasic) increases in neuromodulation, as measured by pupil size, in line with theories proposing that neuromodulatory systems may regulate the balance between bottom-up and top-down processes. Although intriguing, there is scarce causal evidence tying neuromodulator activity to decision biases. Here, we manipulated decision bias through non-monetary punishments to specific errors (false alarms or misses) while up

…the interpretability of networks for electroencephalography (EEG) data is affected by the network architecture and the method for feature extraction and visualisation. To this aim, we used two convolutional neural network architectures: (1)ResNet, a residu