Topic: implicit memory

Learning a word, involves mapping low-level perceptual representations of world-referents to high-level semantic representations. It is widely held that conscious access to the visual world-referents is needed to learn the meaning of words. The aim of this study was to use fMRI-based decoded neurofeedback (DecNef) to incept a perceptual meaning into brain representations of meaningless symbols, and do so without participant’s awareness, hence by-passing the explicit mapping between words and perceptual referents in brain regions involved in semantic representation. Accordingly, we developed