Topic: iNOS

There is growing evidence that patients with dementia with Lewy bodies exhibit early cortical network excitability and neuroinflammatory changes. To explore the link between the two we have used a transgenic mouse that expresses human mutant alpha-synuclein (hA30P). The study investigated whether there were early pre-symptomatic, neuroinflammatory changes in hA30P mice that could contribute to the network hyperexcitability previously observed.Studies were conducted using 1 month and 2-4 months old hA30P mice of both sexes and compared to age-matched wild-type (WT) mice. Fixed, frozen hippocamp

Sitagliptin, used for type-2 diabetes, inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), thus increasing insulin secretion. We found that sitagliptin protects the retina of diabetic animals, including type-1 diabetic animals, inhibiting nitrosative stress and neuroinflammation. We also showed that microglia-mediated neuroinflammation triggers retinal degeneration. Here, we investigated whether sitagliptin effects can be due to a direct inhibition of microglia reactivity, mediated by DPP-4 blockade, or if pleiotropic mechanisms can be involved. Primary mixed and organotypic rat retinal cell cultures and

We successfully generated in vitro human regenerative macrophage self-trasplantation (REMaST®) derived from blood monocytes. Transcriptomic analysis of REMaST® confirm the upregulation, compared to M2 macrophages of neurogenic genes, and related to functions required to wound healing including, ECM-remodelling, angiogenesis, response to hypoxia, immune modulation, detoxification and defence, response to stress, and glucose metabolism. Therefore, we decided to exploit REMaST® neuro-regenerative potential and validate these properties. To evaluate REMaST® neurotrophic and neuroprotective activit