Topic: istradefylline

Caffeine is a popular psychostimulant drug that many people consume daily in the form of coffee, tea, sodas or energy drinks. It increases your alertness, reduces fatigue, and seems to enhance cognitive functions, but is also involved in triggering anxiety in certain individuals. Caffeine is a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist. When stimulated the receptors facilitate neurotransmitter release, long term potentiation, smooth muscle relaxation, and vasodilation to mention a few. Immature cortical and hippocampal primary cell cultures from rat were treated day 1-4 in vitro with non-sele

Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) is an ecto-enzyme that hydrolyzes adenosine monophosphate to adenosine, which acts through one of four subtypes of adenosine receptors. Increased CD73 activity and expression in chronic neurodegenerative diseases leads to a higher concentration of adenosine in the extracellular space. This results in excessive activation of adenosine A2AR, which triggers proinflammatory signaling pathways that further promote neurodegeneration. Therefore, dual CD73/A2AR inhibition is a potential pharmacologic target in chronic neurodegeneration. In the present study, we used a novel