Topic: lobula

Animals must infer the three-dimensional structure of the surrounding world from two-dimensional images on their retinas. For instance, animals use visual cues like motion parallax and binocular disparity to judge distances to objects as they navigate their environment. Although studies in several vision models have found neural activity that correlates with distance signals, the causal behavioral role of neurons and the range of possible properties that inform distance perception have remained poorly understood. Here, we developed a novel high-throughput behavioral assay to identify neurons i

The motion detection circuits within Drosophila melanogaster are amongst the best characterized and understood in circuit neuroscience. Visual information is processed in four retinotopically arranged neuropils called lamina, medulla, lobula and lobula plate. Within the visual processing stream, T4 and T5 cells are the first neurons which respond to motion in a directionally selective way. T4 cells respond preferentially to moving bright edges (ON-pathway), T5 cells to moving dark edges (OFF-pathway). Both T4 and T5 cells come in four subtypes (a,b,c,d), which encode one of the four cardinal d