Topic: long-range connections

Motion detection is a fundamental task for the visual system, with cells as early as the retina showing selectivity to specific directions of motion. These cells typically have localized connectivity and receptive fields. Why not pool information from locations that are far apart to improve motion sensing? Here we provide a normative model that relates the lack of distant connections in motion-sensitive cells to the statistics of natural videos, which exhibit localized patterns undergoing localized motion. These local motions largely conserve contrast in a visual scene, allowing us to treat t

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease primarily characterized by severe motor symptoms that can be transiently relieved by medication (levodopa). While there is evidence of widespread alterations of the neuronal activities across the brain, reliable biomarkers are still lacking. To examine this question, we measured the resting state activities of 11 PD patients both with deep stimulation electrodes and with EEG electrodes placed in the motor areas, in order to provide simultaneous recording from both the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and the cortex. Then, we used a dynamical mea