Topic: negative-feedback loops

The basal ganglia (BG) circuit, together with the motor cortex and the thalamus, plays an essential role in voluntary movement. In Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, these structures exhibit exaggerated oscillations in the beta frequencies (10-30 Hz), a phenomenon also observed in animal models of parkinsonism, namely rats and non-human primates (NHP). Several potential generation mechanisms explaining this oscillatory activity have been hypothesized in various theoretical models, but a consensus has yet to be reached. Moreover, the extensive literature characterizing these oscillations and th