Topic: neurite growth

A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a severe form of neurotrauma resulting from the disruption of normal brain function due to external forces such as direct impact, rapid acceleration/deceleration or a penetrating object. TBIs have been attributed to long-term deficits including physical and cognitive changes, sensory effects, and social-emotional alterations. Current therapeutic options are limited to handling the acute trauma; however, drugs preventing nerve damage and promoting healing are not available. In recent years, the therapeutic use of bioactive peptides (small chains of amino acids,

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes for death or disability involving an initial mechanical damage that leads to the destruction of the brain matter and adjacent vasculature, producing a lesion cavity. The treatment options are limited to stabilizing the patients and treating secondary symptoms. Those secondary injuries appear in a time-shifted manner and include axonal injury leading to neuronal death, a process not fully understood yet. For several central nervous system (CNS) injury models including spinal cord injury, it was already shown that the growth factor-activa

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by midbrain dopaminergic neuron degeneration and intracellular a-synuclein (aSyn) accumulation. Here we show that AAV-shRNA-mediated inhibition of HDAC5 protected against aSyn-induced neurodegeneration in vitro and in vivo. We also show that AAV-mediated overexpression of aSyn induces HDAC5 nuclear accumulation in dopaminergic neurons in the rat substantia nigra in vivo, and in SH-SY5Y cells in vitro. To investigate the nuclear HDAC5 complex induced by aSyn, we used a co-immunoprecipitation proteomics approach t

The serotonin 5-HT6 receptor (5-HT6R) is a G protein-coupled receptor only expressed in the central nervous system. It is a promising target for treating cognitive deficits observed in neurodevelopmental diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Our team has demonstrated a crucial role for the 5-HT6R in neurodevelopment. It participates in neuronal migration, the initiation of neurite growth and dendritic arborization, through interactions with different protein partners. We also confirmed that this receptor is mainly expressed in the primary cilium of neurons and astrocytes, except f

Microtubules play a crucial role in dendritic and axonal physiology through acting as railroad tracks on which numerous factors are transported. More than one hundred microtubules in a neurite form a large array that changes in composition during the development of dendrites and the axon. Throughout development, this large array was long thought to act as the stationary backbone of neurons. In contrast, we recently made the surprising discovery that the microtubule array in fact constantly moves towards the soma as a whole. This microtubule retrograde flow (MT-RF) destabilizes neurite growth.

Claudins are cell adhesion molecules that form a crucial component of the epithelial cells and Blood-brain barrier in vertebrates, and are structurally conserved across phyla. In their canonical role, claudins form the integral components of tight junctions where they function to regulate barrier properties. However, their interaction with other non-tight junction proteins, such as actin cytoskeleton, EpCAM suggests the possibility of non-canonical roles for claudins. Recently claudins have also been discovered in glia and neurons. Further studies have indicated a link between the loss of clau