Topic: Olfactory dysfunction

Olfactory dysfunction is a common aspect of normal aging. It is also an early symptom of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The olfactory bulb, the first processing station of olfactory information in the brain, receives cholinergic basal forebrain input, as does the neocortex and hippocampus contributing cognition and memory, respectively. This study aimed to clarify (1) the role of cholinergic input to the olfactory bulb in adult and aged rats, (2) the relationship between olfaction and cognitive function in older adults.In both adult and aged rats, under anesthesia, unilateral olfactory nerve stimul

This comprehensive study aimed to evaluate motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) and patients with a scan without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics. The study included 156 PD, 36 SWEDD, and 68 healthy control (HC) subjects, extracting comprehensive demographic data, motor variables, and full-scale non-motor tests from the PPMI database. Additionally, the study incorporated DTI's fractional anisotropy metric across three Substantia Nigra (SN) subregions. The results indicated notable differences in depressed mood percentages

Olfactory dysfunction is an early symptom of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The olfactory bulb and neocortex receive cholinergic basal forebrain inputs which degenerate in AD patients. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the brain play a crucial role in vasodilation in the neocortex induced by basal forebrain cholinergic activation or nicotine injection. Information about the sense of smell is conveyed by the olfactory nerve, or by the intranasal trigeminal nerve when irritating odors. We recently reported that nicotine potentiates the olfactory bulb vasodilation induced by olfactory nerv

Olfactory dysfunction is an early symptom of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent data showed that 30-40% MS patients and 90 % PD patients experience olfactory dysfunction. Studies have shown that adenosine signaling has a pivotal role in olfactory processing; thus, deciphering the changes in adenosine signaling may be crucial for understanding the disease pathogenesis. Aim of this study was to characterize olfactory dysfunction from the aspect of adenosine metabolism, focusing on ecto-5’ nucleotidase (CD73) in the olfactory bulb (O