Saccadic eye movements

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are extremely vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where small changes to the input, unnoticeable to humans, can drastically alter the model’s predictions. One reason for their poor performance is that they process as much information as possible and make decisions based on the input received. Human vision performs differently. It tries be as efficient with information as possible while using predictions to fill in missing information based on existing knowledge. The brain may even suppress sensory input to save energy if it is familiar (i.e., predictable). As the kn

…attentional shifts observed before saccadic eye movements seem to rely on different mechanisms than those observed during covert spatial attention. In this study, we investigated if presaccadic attentional shifts are modulated by the probability of spatial cues. Nineteen participants performed a visual orientation discrimination task in which a central cue indicated the location of a target stimulus with four different probabiliti

…It has recently been shown that saccadic eye movements towards visual targets induce low-frequent displacements of the tympanic membrane, termed Eye movement-related eardrum oscillations (EMREOs). These EMREOs carry parametric information about the direction and amplitude of these saccades, and may shape how sounds are transduced in the ear. Here we asked whether EMREOs emerge similarly regardless of the

Control of saccadic eye movements, crucial for visual acuity during attention shifts, undergoes adaptation due to internal and external factors, such as fatigue and changing environments, critically depending on the cerebellum. Here we aim to clarify the neural mechanisms underlying saccadic adaptation in two dimensions, particularly the role of the cerebellar Purkinje cells (PC) in movement coding and plasticity. We recorded 56 PCs from the oculomotor vermis of three adult male rhesus monkeys (Macaca Mulatta) during a cross-axis adaptation task comprising three epochs. In the first pre-adapta

Cases with visuospatial abnormalities provide opportunities for understanding the underlying cognitive mechanisms. Three cases of visual mirror-reversal have been reported: AH (McCloskey, 2009), TM (McCloskey, Valtonen, & Sherman, 2006) and PR (Pflugshaupt et al., 2007). This research reports a fourth case, BS -- with focal occipital cortical dysgenesis -- who displays highly unusual visuospatial abnormalities. They initially produced mirror reversal errors similar to those of AH, who -- like the patient in question -- showed a selective developmental deficit. Extensive examination of BS revea