Social Exclusion Modifies the Behavioral Response and the Insular Representation of Physical Pain
Social pain, the emotional pain caused by aversive experiences with one’s social group, can have deleterious effects on both mental and physical health1–3. Multiple theories have proposed that the experience of social pain can modulate physical pain5,6, but a neural mechanism has never been discovered. To address this gap, we have designed a novel paradigm, termed the FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) Task, to systematically investigate the effects of Social Exclusion. During Social Exclusion (SE), mice have all been trained to associate a cue with reward delivery, and the subject is then separated f