Topic: substance P

Nucleus Accumbens (Nacb) dopamine (DA) regulates behavioral activation and effort-related decision-making in motivated behaviors. DA depletion has been shown to induce anergia and fatigue in effort-based decision tasks. The Cerebral Dopamine Neurotrophic Factor (CDNF) promotes the survival and function of dopaminergic neurons, and it is used to restore midbrain dopaminergic neurons in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. However, little is known about the role of CDNF in Nacb and if this neurotrophic factor can be affected by factors such as sex or age, behavioral manipulations or drugs that

Scalp acupuncture (SA) has shown potential as a treatment for acute ischemic stroke. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of SA in rodent stroke models using systematic review, animal experiments, and analysis of peripheral responses. Subsequent animal studies confirmed the anti-inflammatory effects of SA, showing reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and increased IL-10 in rat stroke brains. SA enhanced neurological outcomes, as measured by the 6-point neuroscore, cylinder test, and grip strength test. Although SA's reduction in stroke infarct area was not statistically significant, it not