Timing

Dean Buonomano discusses timing as a computational property of cortical circuits, including experiments training organotypic slices to predict temporal stimuli and replay sequences. The conversation also addresses the relationship between AI and neuroscience, agreements and tensions between physics and neuroscience about time, and his objections to integrated information theory as an account of consciousness.

It has long been believed that the brain is highly modular both in terms of structure and function, although recent evidence has led some to question the extent of both types of modularity. We used artificial neural networks to test the hypothesis that structural modularity is sufficient to guarantee functional specialization, and find that in general, this doesn't necessarily hold. We then systematically tested which features of the environment and network do lead to the emergence of specialization. We used a simple toy environment, task and network, allowing us precise control, and show that

How does the dynamic shape of a sound affect its perceived microtiming? In the TIME project, we studied basic aspects of musical microrhythm, exploring both stimulus features and the participants’ enculturated expertise via perception experiments, observational studies of how musicians produce particular microrhythms, and ethnographic studies of musicians’ descriptions of microrhythm. Collectively, we show that altering the microstructure of a sound (“what” the sound is) changes its perceived temporal location (“when” it occurs). Specifically, there are systematic effects of core acoustic fact

…dopaminergic system influence the timing of our movements? We examined the relationship between dopaminergic signaling and the timing of reward-related, self-timed movements in mice. Animals were trained to initiate licking after a self-timed interval following a start cue; reward was delivered if the animal’s first lick fell within a rewarded window (3.3-7 s). The first-lick timing distributions exhibited the scalar property, and we

…Matlab functions to simulate models of timing, and to fit models to empirical data. Feel free to examine the code and the relatively brief book chapter that explains the code before the talk if you would like to learn more about computational/mathematical modeling.