Topic: wake

Vigilance states are conventionally divided into wake, slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye-movement (REM) sleep based on distinct patterns of neural activity and muscle tone. These states are traditionally thought to be global. However, there is growing evidence for a departure from a simple model of three basic states. Sleep and wake may be more continuous rather than discrete states. Short periods of wake-like activity in sleep and vice versa can occur regularly. This diversity of state expression is further complicated by evidence of local sleep across the brain. To account for the complexi

Brain states are conventionally divided into wake, slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep based on distinct patterns of neural activity and muscle tone. However, recently available large-scale recordings indicate that this conventional division of brain states is insufficient to account for rich heterogeneity of neural dynamics on the global scale. During sleep, neural activity in some brain regions can exhibit awake signatures and vice versa [1,2]. While brain states provide the backdrop for any activity underlying behavioral functions, the spatiotemporal structure of multi-

Respiration shares strong functional links with the brain, influencing perception, emotions and cognition. In turn respiration is modulated by sensory stimuli, attention and vigilance states. To explore this intricate brain-body relationship, we performed intranasal pressure recordings in freely-moving mice paired with extracellular recordings in the CA1 region of the hippocampus to precisely detect Wake, non-REM and REM sleep epochs. We characterized different respiratory cycle features between vigilance states and uncovered unexpected breathing dynamics at transitions between them. To show h