Neuromodulator
neuromodulator
Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine
Multiple electrophysiology positions available for neuroscientists with experience in in vivo electrophysiology or patch clamp techniques. Our laboratories are looking for passionate scientists with experience with either in vivo electrophysiology or patch clamp electrophysiology (recording and data analysis). Successful applicants will lead innovative experiments in which electrophysiology is a key method, analyze the data, and contribute to writing research papers and grant applications. We are committed to mentoring and offer a creative, thoughtful and collaborative scientific environment. Richards lab (https://sites.wustl.edu/richardslab/): We are seeking a creative scientist with experience in in vivo electrophysiological brain recordings such as local field potentials, multielectrode arrays, and/or in vivo single unit recordings and the analysis of these data. This project will investigate the formation of patterned activity throughout development and into adulthood in a new animal model, the marsupial fat-tailed dunnart. Chen lab (https://sites.wustl.edu/yaochenlab/): The projects aim to understand how the spatial and temporal features of key plasticity signals impact cellular and synaptic electrophysiology, as well as learning and memory. These experiments will be combined with optogenetics and two photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. We welcome experts in either patch clamp or in vivo electrophysiology, and we can train you for the rest. We welcome individuals who value rigor and craftsmanship, and will value your creativity in shaping the projects. Franken lab (https://sites.wustl.edu/frankenlab/): The electrophysiologist will lead experiments that aim to understand how the brain parses visual scenes into organized collections of objects. They will use advanced behavior, high-density electrode probes (e.g. Neuropixels) and optogenetics to understand how ensembles of neurons in cortical circuits perform these computations. We seek a creative scientist with prior expertise in electrophysiology, and look forward to train you in the other techniques. Our labs are members of the Department of Neuroscience at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, a large and collaborative scientific community. WashU Neuroscience is consistently ranked as one of the top 10 places worldwide for neuroscience research. Additional information on being a postdoc at Washington University in St. Louis can be found at https://postdoc.wustl.edu/prospective-postdocs/ St. Louis is a city rich in culture, green spaces, free museums, world-class restaurants, and thriving music and arts scene. On top of it all, St. Louis is affordable and commuting to Washington University’s campuses is stress-free, whether you go by foot, bike, public transit, or car. The area combines the attractions of a major city with affordable lifestyle opportunities (https://medicine.wustl.edu/about/st-louis/). Washington University is dedicated to building a diverse community of individuals who are committed to contributing to an inclusive environment – fostering respect for all and welcoming individuals from diverse backgrounds, experiences and perspectives. Individuals with a commitment to these values are encouraged to apply. Minimum education & experience The appointee will have earned a Master’s degree or Ph.D. by the time of starting the appointment. Applicants should submit their CV and a cover letter explaining their background and interest in the position to Dr. Linda Richards (linda.richards@wustl.edu), Dr. Yao Chen (yaochen@wustl.edu), or Dr. Tom Franken (ftom@wustl.edu).
Prof Yao Chen
Dr. Yao Chen’s Laboratory in the Department of Neuroscience at Washington University School of Medicine is seeking a highly motivated and intellectually curious individual for a full-time research technician position. Our laboratory conducts basic research to understand how dynamics of molecular signals contribute to neuromodulator actions and sleep functions. We employ a wide variety of techniques ex vivo and in vivo, including advanced microscopy, electrophysiology, molecular biology, and behavior analysis. This position assists with the technical aspects of studies and experiments, including documentation and preparation of materials.
Prof Yao Chen
Dr. Yao Chen’s Laboratory in the Department of Neuroscience at Washington University School of Medicine is seeking a motivated and curious scientist for a full-time senior scientist position. Our laboratory conducts fundamental research to understand how dynamics of molecular signals contribute to neuromodulator actions and sleep functions. We employ a wide variety of techniques ex vivo and in vivo, including advanced microscopy, electrophysiology, molecular biology, and behavior analysis. The principal investigator is committed to fostering a lab culture that promotes equity, kindness, rigor, and creativity This position collaborates on designing, conducting and reporting of research projects.
Prof Yao Chen
Dr. Yao Chen’s Laboratory in the Department of Neuroscience at Washington University School of Medicine is seeking a motivated and curious scientist for a full-time staff scientist position. Our laboratory conducts fundamental research to understand how dynamics of molecular signals contribute to neuromodulator actions and sleep functions. We employ a wide variety of techniques ex vivo and in vivo, including advanced microscopy, electrophysiology, molecular biology, and behavior analysis. The principal investigator is committed to fostering a lab culture that promotes equity, kindness, rigor, and creativity. The position is responsible for developing and conducting research projects, including experimental design, implementation, data analysis and documentation of experiment results.
Assistant Prof Yao Chen
Are you looking for immersion in exciting science and cutting-edge technology? Yao Chen’s Laboratory in the Department of Neuroscience at Washington University School of Medicine is seeking a highly motivated individual for a full-time research technician position. Our laboratory conducts basic research to understand how dynamics of molecular signals contribute to neuromodulator actions and sleep functions. We employ a wide variety of techniques ex vivo and in vivo, including two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, electrophysiology, biosensor design, opto/chemogenetics, molecular biology, pharmacology, and behavior analysis. For a complete job description and to apply, please visit https://jobs.wustl.edu and search for Job ID number “51507” for Research Technician II - Neuroscience – 51507.
Dynamic endocrine modulation of the nervous system
Sex hormones are powerful neuromodulators of learning and memory. In rodents and nonhuman primates estrogen and progesterone influence the central nervous system across a range of spatiotemporal scales. Yet, their influence on the structural and functional architecture of the human brain is largely unknown. Here, I highlight findings from a series of dense-sampling neuroimaging studies from my laboratory designed to probe the dynamic interplay between the nervous and endocrine systems. Individuals underwent brain imaging and venipuncture every 12-24 hours for 30 consecutive days. These procedures were carried out under freely cycling conditions and again under a pharmacological regimen that chronically suppresses sex hormone production. First, resting state fMRI evidence suggests that transient increases in estrogen drive robust increases in functional connectivity across the brain. Time-lagged methods from dynamical systems analysis further reveals that these transient changes in estrogen enhance within-network integration (i.e. global efficiency) in several large-scale brain networks, particularly Default Mode and Dorsal Attention Networks. Next, using high-resolution hippocampal subfield imaging, we found that intrinsic hormone fluctuations and exogenous hormone manipulations can rapidly and dynamically shape medial temporal lobe morphology. Together, these findings suggest that neuroendocrine factors influence the brain over short and protracted timescales.
Mechanisms and Roles of Fast Dopamine Signaling
Dopamine is a neuromodulator that codes information on various time scales. I will discuss recent progress on the identification of fast release mechanisms for dopamine in the mouse striatum. I will present data on triggering mechanisms of dopamine release and evaluate its roles in striatal regulation. In the long-term, our work will allow for a better understanding of the mechanisms and time scales of dopamine coding in health and disease.
Norepinephrine links astrocytic activity to regulation of cortical state
Cortical state, defined by the synchrony of population-level neuronal activity, is a key determinant of sensory perception. While many arousal-associated neuromodulators—including norepinephrine (NE)—reduce cortical synchrony, how the cortex resynchronizes following NE signaling remains unknown. Using in vivo two-photon imaging and electrophysiology in mouse visual cortex, we describe a critical role for cortical astrocytes in circuit resynchronization. We characterize astrocytes’ sensitive calcium responses to changes in behavioral arousal and NE, identify that astrocyte signaling precedes increases in cortical synchrony, and demonstrate that astrocyte-specific deletion of Adra1A alters arousal-related cortical synchrony. Our findings demonstrate that astrocytic NE signaling acts as a distinct neuromodulatory pathway, regulating cortical state and linking arousal-associated desynchrony to cortical circuit resynchronization.
A Flash of Darkness within Dusk: Crossover inhibition in the mouse retina
To survive in the wild small rodents evolved specialized retinas. To escape predators, looming shadows need to be detected with speed and precision. To evade starvation, small seeds, grass, nuts and insects need to also be detected quickly. Some of these succulent seeds and insects may be camouflaged offering only low contrast targets.Moreover, these challenging tasks need to be accomplished continuously at dusk, night, dawn and daytime. Crossover inhibition is thought to be involved in enhancing contrast detectionin the microcircuits of the inner plexiform layer of the mammalian retina. The AII amacrine cells are narrow field cells that play a key role in crossover inhibition. Our lab studies the synaptic physiology that regulates glycine release from AII amacrine cellsin mouse retina. These interneurons receive excitation from rod and conebipolar cells and transmit excitation to ON-type bipolar cell terminals via gap junctions. They also transmit inhibition via multiple glycinergic synapses onto OFF bipolar cell terminals.AII amacrine cells are thus a central hub of synaptic information processing that cross links the ON and the OFF pathways. What are the functions of crossover inhibition? How does it enhance contrast detection at different ambient light levels? How is the dynamicrange, frequency response and synaptic gain of glycine release modulated by luminance levels and circadian rhythms? How is synaptic gain changed by different extracellular neuromodulators, like dopamine, and by intracellular messengers like cAMP, phosphateand Ca2+ ions from Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ stores? My talk will try to answer some of these questions and will pose additional ones. It will end with further hypothesis and speculations on the multiple roles of crossover inhibition.
NMC4 Short Talk: Two-Photon Imaging of Norepinephrine in the Prefrontal Cortex Shows that Norepinephrine Structures Cell Firing Through Local Release
Norepinephrine (NE) is a neuromodulator that is released from projections of the locus coeruleus via extra-synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Tonic fluctuations in NE are involved in brain states, such as sleep, arousal, and attention. Previously, NE in the PFC was thought to be a homogenous field created by bulk release, but it remains unknown whether phasic (fast, short-term) fluctuations in NE can produce a spatially heterogeneous field, which could then structure cell firing at a fine spatial scale. To understand how spatiotemporal dynamics of norepinephrine (NE) release in the prefrontal cortex affect neuronal firing, we performed a novel in-vivo two-photon imaging experiment in layer ⅔ of the prefrontal cortex using a green fluorescent NE sensor and a red fluorescent Ca2+ sensor, which allowed us to simultaneously observe fine-scale neuronal and NE dynamics in the form of spatially localized fluorescence time series. Using generalized linear modeling, we found that the local NE field differs from the global NE field in transient periods of decorrelation, which are influenced by proximal NE release events. We used optical flow and pattern analysis to show that release and reuptake events can occur at the same location but at different times, and differential recruitment of release and reuptake sites over time is a potential mechanism for creating a heterogeneous NE field. Our generalized linear models predicting cellular dynamics show that the heterogeneous local NE field, and not the global field, drives cell firing dynamics. These results point to the importance of local, small-scale, phasic NE fluctuations for structuring cell firing. Prior research suggests that these phasic NE fluctuations in the PFC may play a role in attentional shifts, orienting to sensory stimuli in the environment, and in the selective gain of priority representations during stress (Mather, Clewett et al. 2016) (Aston-Jones and Bloom 1981).
Context-Dependent Relationships between Locus Coeruleus Firing Patterns and Coordinated Neural Activity in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
Ascending neuromodulatory projections from the locus coeruleus (LC) affect cortical neural networks via the release of norepinephrine (NE). However, the exact nature of these neuromodulatory effects on neural activity patterns in vivo is not well understood. Here we show that in awake monkeys, LC activation is associated with changes in coordinated activity patterns in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). These relationships, which are largely independent of changes in firing rates of individual ACC neurons, depend on the type of LC activation: ACC pairwise correlations tend to be reduced when tonic (baseline) LC activity increases but are enhanced when external events drive phasic LC responses. Both relationships covary with pupil changes that reflect LC activation and arousal. These results suggest that modulations of information processing that reflect changes in coordinated activity patterns in cortical networks can result partly from ongoing, context-dependent, arousal-related changes in activation of the LC-NE system.
Disinhibitory and neuromodulatory regulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity
The CA1 pyramidal neurons are embedded in an intricate local circuitry that contains a variety of interneurons. The roles these interneurons play in the regulation of the excitatory synaptic plasticity remains largely understudied. Recent experiments showed that repeated cholinergic activation of 𝛼7 nACh receptors expressed in oriens-lacunosum-moleculare (OLM𝛼2) interneurons could induce LTP in SC-CA1 synapses. We used a biophysically realistic computational model to examine mechanistically how cholinergic activation of OLMa2 interneurons increases SC to CA1 transmission. Our results suggest that, when properly timed, activation of OLMa2 interneurons cancels the feedforward inhibition onto CA1 pyramidal cells by inhibiting fast-spiking interneurons that synapse on the same dendritic compartment as the SC, i.e., by disinhibiting the pyramidal cell dendritic compartment. Our work further describes the pairing of disinhibition with SC stimulation as a general mechanism for the induction of synaptic plasticity. We found that locally-reduced GABA release (disinhibition) paired with SC stimulation could lead to increased NMDAR activation and intracellular calcium concentration sufficient to upregulate AMPAR permeability and potentiate the excitatory synapse. Our work suggests that inhibitory synapses critically modulate excitatory neurotransmission and induction of plasticity at excitatory synapses. Our work also shows how cholinergic action on OLM interneurons, a mechanism whose disruption is associated with memory impairment, can down-regulate the GABAergic signaling into CA1 pyramidal cells and facilitate potentiation of the SC-CA1 synapse.
Cholinergic modulation of the cerebellum
Many studies have investigated the major glutamatergic inputs to the cerebellum, mossy fibres and climbing fibres, however far less is known about its neuromodulatory inputs. In particular, anatomical studies have described cholinergic input to the cerebellum, yet little is known about its role(s). In this talk, I will present our recent findings which demonstrate that manipulating acetylcholine receptors in the cerebellum causes effects at both a cellular and behavioural level. Activating acetylcholine receptors alters the intrinsic properties and synaptic inputs of cerebellar output neurons, and blocking these receptors results in deficits in a range of behavioural tasks.
An in-silico framework to study the cholinergic modulation of the neocortex
Neuromodulators control information processing in cortical microcircuits by regulating the cellular and synaptic physiology of neurons. Computational models and detailed simulations of neocortical microcircuitry offer a unifying framework to analyze the role of neuromodulators on network activity. In the present study, to get a deeper insight in the organization of the cortical neuropil for modeling purposes, we quantify the fiber length per cortical volume and the density of varicosities for catecholaminergic, serotonergic and cholinergic systems using immunocytochemical staining and stereological techniques. The data obtained are integrated into a biologically detailed digital reconstruction of the rodent neocortex (Markram et al, 2015) in order to model the influence of modulatory systems on the activity of the somatosensory cortex neocortical column. Simulations of ascending modulation of network activity in our model predict the effects of increasing levels of neuromodulators on diverse neuron types and synapses and reveal a spectrum of activity states. Low levels of neuromodulation drive microcircuit activity into slow oscillations and network synchrony, whereas high neuromodulator concentrations govern fast oscillations and network asynchrony. The models and simulations thus provide a unifying in silico framework to study the role of neuromodulators in reconfiguring network activity.
Effects of Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Arousal State and Cortical Excitation
The vagus nerve is a major pathway by which the brain and the body communicate. Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve (VNS) is widely used as a therapeutic intervention for epilepsy and there is compelling evidence that it can enhance recovery following stroke. Our work demonstrates that VNS exerts a robust excitatory effect on the brain. First, we establish that VNS triggers an increase in arousal state as measured by behavioral state change. This behavioral state change is linked to an increase in excitatory activity within the cortex. We also show that cholinergic and noradrenergic neuromodulatory pathways are activated by VNS, providing a potential mechanism by which VNS may trigger cortical activation. Importantly, the effect of VNS on neuromodulation and cortical excitation persists in anesthetized mice, demonstrating that VNS-induced cortical activation cannot be fully explained by associated behavioral changes.
Visual processing of feedforward and feedback signals in mouse thalamus
Traditionally, the dorsolateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus has been considered a feedforward relay station for retinal signals to reach primary visual cortex. The local and long-range circuits of dLGN, however, suggest that this view is not correct. Indeed, besides the thalamo-cortical relay cells, dLGN contains local inhibitory interneurons, and receives not only feedforward input from the retina, but also massive direct and indirect feedback from primary visual cortex. Furthermore, it is one of the earliest processing stages in the visual system that integrates visual information with neuromodulatory signals.
State-dependent cortical circuits
Spontaneous and sensory-evoked cortical activity is highly state-dependent, promoting the functional flexibility of cortical circuits underlying perception and cognition. Using neural recordings in combination with behavioral state monitoring, we find that arousal and motor activity have complementary roles in regulating local cortical operations, providing dynamic control of sensory encoding. These changes in encoding are linked to altered performance on perceptual tasks. Neuromodulators, such as acetylcholine, may regulate this state-dependent flexibility of cortical network function. We therefore recently developed an approach for dual mesoscopic imaging of acetylcholine release and neural activity across the entire cortical mantle in behaving mice. We find spatiotemporally heterogeneous patterns of cholinergic signaling across the cortex. Transitions between distinct behavioral states reorganize the structure of large-scale cortico-cortical networks and differentially regulate the relationship between cholinergic signals and neural activity. Together, our findings suggest dynamic state-dependent regulation of cortical network operations at the levels of both local and large-scale circuits. Zoom Meeting ID: 964 8138 3003 Contact host if you cannot connect.
New genetically encoded sensors to track addiction-relevant neuromodulators in vivo
The retrotrapezoid nucleus: an integrative and interoceptive hub in neural control of breathing
In this presentation, we will discuss the cellular and molecular properties of the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), an integrative and interoceptive control node for the respiratory motor system. We will present the molecular profiling that has allowed definitive identification of a cluster of tonically active neurons that provide a requisite drive to the respiratory central pattern generator (CPG) and other pre-motor neurons. We will discuss the ionic basis for steady pacemaker-like firing, including by a large subthreshold oscillation; and for neuromodulatory influences on RTN activity, including by arousal state-dependent neurotransmitters and CO2/H+. The CO2/H+-dependent modulation of RTN excitability represents the sensory component of a homeostatic system by which the brain regulates breathing to maintain blood gases and tissue pH; it relies on two intrinsic molecular proton detectors, both a proton-activated G protein-coupled receptor (GPR4) and a proton-inhibited background K+ channel (TASK-2). We will also discuss downstream neurotransmitter signaling to the respiratory CPG, focusing especially on a newly-identified peptidergic modulation of the preBötzinger complex that becomes activated following birth and the initiation of air breathing. Finally, we will suggest how the cellular and molecular properties of RTN neurons identified in rodent models may contribute to understanding human respiratory disorders, such as congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
State-dependent cortical circuits
Spontaneous and sensory-evoked cortical activity is highly state-dependent, promoting the functional flexibility of cortical circuits underlying perception and cognition. Using neural recordings in combination with behavioral state monitoring, we find that arousal and motor activity have complementary roles in regulating local cortical operations, providing dynamic control of sensory encoding. These changes in encoding are linked to altered performance on perceptual tasks. Neuromodulators, such as acetylcholine, may regulate this state-dependent flexibility of cortical network function. We therefore recently developed an approach for dual mesoscopic imaging of acetylcholine release and neural activity across the entire cortical mantle in behaving mice. We find spatiotemporally heterogeneous patterns of cholinergic signaling across the cortex. Transitions between distinct behavioral states reorganize the structure of large-scale cortico-cortical networks and differentially regulate the relationship between cholinergic signals and neural activity. Together, our findings suggest dynamic state-dependent regulation of cortical network operations at the levels of both local and large-scale circuits.
State-dependent regulation of cortical circuits
Spontaneous and sensory-evoked cortical activity is highly state-dependent, promoting the functional flexibility of cortical circuits underlying perception and cognition. Using neural recordings in combination with behavioral state monitoring, we find that arousal and motor activity have complementary roles in regulating local cortical operations, providing dynamic control of sensory encoding. These changes in encoding are linked to altered performance on perceptual tasks. Neuromodulators, such as acetylcholine, may regulate this state-dependent flexibility of cortical network function. We therefore recently developed an approach for dual mesoscopic imaging of acetylcholine release and neural activity across the entire cortical mantle in behaving mice. We find spatiotemporally heterogeneous patterns of cholinergic signaling across the cortex. Transitions between distinct behavioral states reorganize the structure of large-scale cortico-cortical networks and differentially regulate the relationship between cholinergic signals and neural activity. Together, our findings suggest dynamic state-dependent regulation of cortical network operations at the levels of both local and large-scale circuits.
Protein Synthesis at Neuronal Synapses
The complex morphology of neurons, with synapses located 100’s of microns from the cell body, necessitates the localization of important cell biological machines and processes within dendrites and axons. Using expansion microscopy together with metabolic labeling we have discovered that both postsynaptic spines and presynaptic terminals exhibit rapid translation, which exhibits differential sensitivity to different neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. In addition, we have explored the unique mechanisms neurons use to meet protein demands at synapses, identifying the transcriptome and translatome in the neuropil.
Modulation of C. elegans behavior by gut microbes
We are interested in understanding how microbes impact the behavior of host animals. Animal nervous systems likely evolved in environments richly surrounded by microbes, yet the impact of bacteria on nervous system function has been relatively under-studied. A challenge has been to identify systems in which both host and microbe are amenable to genetic manipulation, and which enable high-throughput behavioral screening in response to defined and naturalistic conditions. To accomplish these goals, we use an animal host — the roundworm C. elegans, which feeds on bacteria — in combination with its natural gut microbiome to identify inter-organismal signals driving host-microbe interactions and decision-making. C. elegans has some of the most extensive molecular, neurobiological and genetic tools of any multicellular eukaryote, and, coupled with the ease of gnotobiotic culture in these worms, represents a highly attractive system in which to study microbial influence on host behavior. Using this system, we discovered that commensal bacterial metabolites directly modulate nervous system function of their host. Beneficial gut microbes of the genus Providencia produce the neuromodulator tyramine in the C. elegans intestine. Using a combination of behavioral analysis, neurogenetics, metabolomics and bacterial genetics we established that bacterially produced tyramine is converted to octopamine in C. elegans, which acts directly in sensory neurons to reduce odor aversion and increase sensory preference for Providencia. We think that this type of sensory modulation may increase association of C. elegans with these microbes, increasing availability of this nutrient-rich food source for the worm and its progeny, while facilitating dispersal of the bacteria.
Circuit mechanisms underlying the dynamic control of cortical processing by subcortical neuromodulators
Behavioral states such as arousal and attention can have profound effects on sensory processing, determining how – sometimes whether – a stimulus is processed. This state-dependence is believed to arise, at least in part, as a result of inputs to cortex from subcortical structures that release neuromodulators such as acetylcholine, noradrenaline, and serotonin, often non-synaptically. The mechanisms that underlie the interaction between these “wireless” non-synaptic signals and the “wired” cortical circuit are not well understood. Furthermore, neuromodulatory signaling is traditionally considered broad in its impact across cortex (within a species) and consistent in its form and function across species (at least in mammals). The work I will present approaches the challenge of understanding neuromodulatory action in the cortex from a number of angles: anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and chemistry. The overarching goal of our effort is to elucidate the mechanisms behind local neuromodulation in the cortex of non-human primates, and to reveal differences in structure and function across cortical model systems.
Influence of cortical and neuromodulatory loops on sensory information processing and perception in the mouse olfactory system
Rapid State Changes Account for Apparent Brain and Behavior Variability
Neural and behavioral responses to sensory stimuli are notoriously variable from trial to trial. Does this mean the brain is inherently noisy or that we don’t completely understand the nature of the brain and behavior? Here we monitor the state of activity of the animal through videography of the face, including pupil and whisker movements, as well as walking, while also monitoring the ability of the animal to perform a difficult auditory or visual task. We find that the state of the animal is continuously changing and is never stable. The animal is constantly becoming more or less activated (aroused) on a second and subsecond scale. These changes in state are reflected in all of the neural systems we have measured, including cortical, thalamic, and neuromodulatory activity. Rapid changes in cortical activity are highly correlated with changes in neural responses to sensory stimuli and the ability of the animal to perform auditory or visual detection tasks. On the intracellular level, these changes in forebrain activity are associated with large changes in neuronal membrane potential and the nature of network activity (e.g. from slow rhythm generation to sustained activation and depolarization). Monitoring cholinergic and noradrenergic axonal activity reveals widespread correlations across the cortex. However, we suggest that a significant component of these rapid state changes arise from glutamatergic pathways (e.g. corticocortical or thalamocortical), owing to their rapidity. Understanding the neural mechanisms of state-dependent variations in brain and behavior promises to significantly “denoise” our understanding of the brain.
Redundancy in ion channel expression enables simple neuromodulatory strategies
Bernstein Conference 2024
Neuromodulatory changes in the efficiency of information transmission at visual synapses
COSYNE 2022
Neuromodulatory changes in the efficiency of information transmission at visual synapses
COSYNE 2022
Influence of neuromodulators on brain state transitions in larval zebrafish
COSYNE 2023
A Hopfield Network Model of Neuromodulatory Arousal State
COSYNE 2025
Anxiety in Parkinson’s disease: Brainstem neuromodulatory mechanisms
FENS Forum 2024
Computational and neuromodulatory mechanisms of impaired trust learning in older adults
FENS Forum 2024
Correlations in neuromodulatory codes during different learning processes
FENS Forum 2024
Evaluation of the neuromodulatory effects of transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) using TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs)
FENS Forum 2024
Investigating the role for the neuromodulator histamine in the development of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST)
FENS Forum 2024
Investigating the role of neuromodulators in mice during associative learning with a 50% reward schedule
FENS Forum 2024
Investigation of neuromodulator receptors endocytosis with the pulsed pH assay
FENS Forum 2024
Molecular, functional, and behavioral analysis of neuromodulatory networks in the zebrafish telencephalon
FENS Forum 2024
Network modulation using pathway and neuromodulator specific chemogenetics in macaque frontal cortex: Foraging behaviour, imaging and histology
FENS Forum 2024
Neuromodulators trigger the formation of inhibitory boutons in hippocampus via activation of cAMP/PKA signaling
FENS Forum 2024
Neuromodulatory role of relaxin-3/RXFP3 signaling in stress- and anxiety-related circuits: Insights from the rat ventral dentate gyrus
FENS Forum 2024
Probing the neuromodulatory effect of SSRIs on serotonin release across brain regions with improved iSeroSnFR
FENS Forum 2024
The role of striatal neuromodulatory signals in adaptive learning of action value
FENS Forum 2024
Strategic decision bias relates to altered parietal evidence accumulation and scales with task-evoked, but not baseline, neuromodulator activity
FENS Forum 2024