Adaptive learning rates

…underlying perception, action, and learning. Yet, how the cortex represents and uses uncertainty in this process remains unclear. In the first part of this talk, I will present a normative framework showing how uncertainty can modulate prediction error activity to yield uncertainty-modulated prediction errors (UPEs), hypothesised to be represented by layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons. We propose that these UPEs are computed through inhibitory mechanisms involving SST and PV interneurons. A circuit model demonstrates how cortica

…synapse energetic costs during learning. Following established biophysical principles, we assume that noisy synaptic transmission is energetically cheaper than precise transmission. However, stochastic synapses may be detrimental to performance because noisy transmission adds randomness to a neural network’s activity, and s