Cognitive performance

…It considers how nature may support cognitive performance as well as psychological, physical and social wellbeing.

Aging is associated with the slowdown of neuronal processing and cognitive performance in the brain; however, the exact cellular mechanisms behind this deterioration in humans are poorly elucidated. Recordings in human acute brain slices prepared from tissue resected during brain surgery enable the investigation of neuronal changes with age. Although neocortical fast-spiking cells are widely implicated in neuronal network activities underlying cognitive processes, they are vulnerable to neurodegeneration. Herein, we analyzed the electrical properties of 147 fast-spiking interneurons in neocort

This study investigates the cognitive mechanism of adapting memory sequences to changing contexts, a process well-utilised by humans but not yet fully understood. Initially conducted in rats (n=8), and later adapted for both new-world (common marmosets, n=5), and old-world monkeys (Rhesus macaques, n=2), the research aimed to assess each animals' proficiency in learning complex context-guided sequences. Furthermore, by use a new non-invasive technique called transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS), the study sought to explore the underlying neurobiological pathways involved in a nonhuman pri

…to assess the effects of exercise on cognitive functions, physical fitness, glucose and energy metabolism as well as on the molecular composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with PD. Patients (M:F 9:8) aged 61.1 ± 8.8yrs; H&Y score I-III, BMI 27.6 ± 5.4 kg.m-2, completed a 4-month supervised aerobic-strength training (3x1h weekly). Clinical state was assessed by the United-Parkinson-Disease-Ra

…to cognition, leading to a decline in cognitive function. Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS) is a non-invasive method that uses weak electrical currents to stimulate the vestibular system through electrodes placed over the mastoid processes. This study aimed to investigate whether GVS may improve cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Twenty-one subjects (12 female, age: 64.6 ± 2.9) were rand

Pseudoneglect phenomenon is a visuospatial attentional bias present in the healthy population, leading subjects to slightly overestimate the left hemifield of space. Interestingly, previous data indicate that athletes involved in open-skill sports exhibit a reduced pseudoneglect compared to the general population. This study aims to explore whether a one-week training period with an open-skill sport exergame can similarly diminish pseudoneglect in healthy subjects. Fifteen non-athletes participants underwent a visuospatial attention task and a control memory task in baseline conditions (t0: Pr

…leading to progressive memory loss and cognitive decline.The nucleoporin Nup153, besides its role in nuclear transport, has been described as a key regulator of NSC plasticity through gene modulation. Here we investigated the potential role of Nup153 as target to improve neurogenesis in the 3xTg mouse model of AD in vitro and in vivo.We found that reduced Nup153 levels characterized NSCs from the 3xTg mice (AD-NSCs) and caused inefficient proliferation, migration and differentiation that were re

…similar rates of disabilities and cognitive impairment. Here, we used resting-state fMRI to study transient brain states and their association with cognitive outcome in children and adolescents after childhood stroke. We used clustering analysis to characterize eight recurring spatial co-activation patterns (CAPs) in a cohort of 19 patients and 17 age-match

…hypoxia but also by intensive motor-cognitive tasks, provoking a relative decrease in O2 in relation to the acutely augmented requirement. We named this essential, demand-dependent drop in O2 accessibility ′functional hypoxia′. Major players within the hypoxia reaction are hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) and associated prolyl-hydroxylases. HIF