Topic: Conserved cell types

Inhibitory interneurons in cortex consist of many subtypes that differ in, e.g., connectivity and physiology. Recently, it was shown that —in layers 1-3 of mouse primary visual cortex— interneuron subtypes differ systematically in their modulation with an animal’s behavioural state, and that this state modulation can be predicted from the first principal component (PC) of the gene expression matrix (Bugeon et al. 2022). Here, we ask if this link between transcriptome and state-dependent processing is a general principle that extends across layers, areas, and species. To this end, we analysed

The entorhinal cortex (EC) plays an important role in memory and navigational processes. The EC is part of the three-layered allocortex and interestingly, the structure in several cortical areas of the reptilian ancestor of mammals was three-layered as well. The EC is shown to be affected in Alzheimer’s disease already at preclinical stages. Furthermore, spatial disorientation is a characteristic cognitive symptom in patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. To learn about evolutionary similarities of the EC, we carried out single-nuclei RNA sequencing analysis on salmon telencephalon, frui