Topic: differentially expressed genes

Aging-correlated cognitive declines, including deficiencies in spatial orientation and memory, may reflect dysfunction in the hippocampus and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC). However, aging-related changes in MEC at the cellular and molecular levels remain unclear. In this study, we found fewer grid cells with reduced spatial stability in old mice. We compared gene expression profiles between young and old mice using 10x Genomics Visium technology. Among 1664 differentially expressed genes, we discovered a marker gene for subpopulation in MEC Layer III with decreased cell number with age. Silen

PSEN1 mutations are the most common cause of autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease (ADAD). Intriguingly, children carrying a PSEN1-ADAD variant presented high plasma amyloid-β1-42 levels and brain functional hyperconnectivity, indicating a dysregulation at development stages. However, whether there is a neurodevelopmental signature in the adult ADAD brain remains unknown. We aimed to explore neurodevelopment-related genes in the postmortem brain transcriptome of adult PSEN1-ADAD carriers compared to sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We searched RNA-seq and microarray datasets deposited in GE

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by expansion mutation in the FMR1 gene, which leads to gene silencing via imprinting. Fmr1, located on the X chromosome, encodes the protein FMRP, a pivotal protein for neurogenesis in cortical development (Saffary and Xie, 2011; Casingal et al., 2020). Interestingly, female FXS premutation carriers, especially those with a paternal lineage of the premutation, exhibit an increased incidence of premature ovarian failure (Hundscheid et al., 2000). Despite these findings, the impact of FMRP absence on imprinting mechanisms in the br

Erythropoietin (EPO), a potent growth factor, named after its role in erythropoiesis, has been shown to not only be produced in the brain, but also to have significant effects in improving cognitive performance. The mechanisms by which EPO acts are yet to be fully explored, including the transcriptome changes elicited by it in the oligodendrocyte lineage. Here we explore these changes after a 3-week EPO/Placebo treatment using single-nuclei RNA sequencing. A total of 12.043 nuclei were classified into 5 cell types (oligodendrocyte precursor cell – OPC, committed oligodendrocyte precursor – COP

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor with poor prognosis after conventional treatment. Therefore, potential treatment strategies and novel therapeutic targets have gained increased attention. Vanilla planifolia is a source of vanilla flavoring due to its high vanillin content, and several studies have shown its antitumor activity. Our data revealed that an ethanol extract of vanilla planifolia stem (VAS) at 200 ng/μl significantly reduced cell viability and colony formation in GBM cells. VAS also induced autophagy, as shown by MAP1LC3 cleavage. Further RNA-seq analys

Parkinson’s disease (PD) often results in hippocampal dysfunction, which leads to cognitive and emotional challenges and synaptic irregularities. This study attempted to assess behavioral anomalies and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) within the hippocampus of a hemiparkinsonian rat model to potentially uncover novel genetic candidates linked to hippocampal dysfunction. Striatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) infusions were performed unilaterally in the brains of adult SD rats, while dopaminergic impairments were verified in rats with 6-OHDA-lesioned striata. RNA sequencing and gene

Increased levels of TNF-Related Weak Inducer of Apoptosis (TWEAK) are associated with neuroinflammation, especially during multiple sclerosis (MS), and the cytokine engenders permeabilization of in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) models. We sought to determine the effect of TWEAK on human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), specifically the hCMEC/D3 cell line. We used microarray analysis to investigate the transcriptomic changes of hCMEC/D3 induced by rhTWEAK incubation at three timepoints (3h, 12h, and 24h). We identified a set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) probing the d

Exposure to radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) has been linked to changes in neuronal electrophysiological properties and synaptic plasticity. Given that these types of changes could parallel alterations in gene expression, we sought to examine the effect of exposure to RF-EMFs on gene expression. We exposed rat primary hippocampal neurons (PHNs) to a single (one time) or multiple (three times) exposure to continuous wave RF-EMFs at two different doses (mean specific absorption rate (SAR) values of 0.57 W/kg or 5.91 W/kg) or were mock-exposed (sham). Changes in gene transcriptio

Visual impairment is occasionally observed in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Although uveitis and optic neuritis have been reported in MS and EAE, the precise mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these visual impairments remain poorly understood. This study aims to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the retinas of mice with EAE to identify genes that may be implicated in EAE-induced visual impairment. Fourteen adult mice were injected with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein35–55 to induce the EAE model. Transc