Electroencephalography

…This technique leverages electroencephalography (EEG) to measure brain responses to rapidly presented visual stimuli, offering a non-invasive and objective method for evaluating a range of cognitive functions. Unlike traditional cognitive assessments, FPVS does not rely on behavioural responses, making it particularly suitable for individuals with cognitive impairment. In this talk I will highlight a series of studies that have demonstrated its ability to detec

When walking down a trail, the location and identity of a fleetingly perceived object (e.g., a bird on a branch) can be remembered robustly, even if our gaze shifts away from it. How visual working memory (VWM) remains stable across gaze shifts and, specifically, the type of reference frame in which VWM content is stored, are poorly understood. VWM is typically maintained in the brain hemisphere contralateral to the memorandum [1,2,3,4], indicating a retinotopic (“gaze-centered”) reference frame. Yet, recent work [5] shows that VWM is transferred across hemispheres following a gaze shift, sugg

Electroencephalography (EEG) has been thoroughly studied for decades in psychiatry research. Yet its integration into clinical practice as a diagnostic/prognostic tool remains unachieved. We hypothesize that a key reason is the underlying patient's heterogeneity, overlooked in psychiatric EEG research relying on a case-control approach. We combine HD-EEG with normative modeling to quantify this heterogeneity using two well-established and extensively investigated EEG characteristics -spectral power and functional connectivity- across a cohort of 1674 patients with attention-deficit/hyperacti

…using non-invasive techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG). Over recent decades, the brain-computer interface (BCI) community has shown growing interest in leveraging these intrinsic feedback signals to enhance system performance. However, the effective use of ErrPs in a closed-loop setup crucially depends on accurate single-trial detection, which is typically achieved using a subject-specific classifier (or decoder) trained on

Robotic-assisted rehabilitation therapies play a crucial role in improving motor recovery by providing precise, repeatable, and intensive therapeutic interventions that traditional methods often lack [1,2,3]. Nonetheless, their adaptability is restricted due to a lack of comprehensive data on patients' biophysical signals and behavior [4,5,6]. Developing intelligent control mechanisms for rehabilitation devices is an essential step to enable personalized and responsive training for patients. This research project introduces the development of an innovative multimodal decoder for hybrid Brain-

…changes in inhibitory functions with electroencephalography (EEG) in theta oscillations. The EEG of 19 healthy individuals (young, 18-25 years old, M = 21.71, SD = 2.06; elderly 55-70 years old, M = 62.43 , SD = 6.33) was recorded at the F3, Fz, F4, C3, Cz, C4, P3, Pz, P4, O1, Oz, and O2 locations during the auditory SART. The maximum power of the target stimuli was calcula

…recorded concurrent magneto- and electroencephalography (

Cognitive-motor (C-M) interference is a phenomenon during which demands from concurrent cognitive and motor tasks create competition for available neural resources. Research introduces this competition using dual-task designs to compare performance on single-task situations to dual-tasks, which require both motor and cognitive engagement. However, while some individuals experience C-M interference, others have a more integrative effect, presenting as better adaptation to multi-modal demands. Little is known about how this C-M relationship develops, nor what factors play a role in the integrati

…TUS of the BF with simultaneous electroencephalography (TUS-EEG), expecting widespread desynchronization of cortical neuronal activity due to TUS-induced increases in cholinergic BF signalling.TUS transducer placement and targeting were individually planned and monitored using MRI scans as well as acoustic simulations a

…human volunteers before we recorded electroencephalography (EEG) and collected psychophysical data.

Transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS), which uses static magnetic fields produced by a small and strong neodymium magnet placed on the scalp, is a new member of non-invasive brain stimulation family. tSMS can reduce the cortical excitability in the cerebral cortex just below the magnet as well as modulate the function of the cerebral cortex contralateral to the stimulation side via the brain network. tSMS is a promising neuromodulatory technique for a safe, low-cost, and easy therapeutic tool. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms how local tSMS changes the whole brain net

We aim to advance the mechanistic understanding of pain anticipation by investigating how the human cortical motor system learns to prepare for aversive somatosensory events. In this study, we tracked how neural oscillations and corticospinal excitability reflect the acquisition and reversal of pain expectations. Using a Pavlovian conditioning task, participants learned to anticipate the occurrence of lateralized aversive shocks. Specifically, during acquisition neutral visual stimuli predicted shocks to either the left (CS+L) or right (CS+R) arm, while another stimulus (CS-) never predicted s

…amplitude fluctuations and shifts in electroencephalography (EEG)-derived excitation/inhibition (E

The menstrual cycle exerts a modulatory effect on appetite among females, with a notable increase in appetite and food consumption observed during the pre-menstruation. This phenomenon may be attributed to an inhibitory mechanism related to food intake, although the underlying neural substrates remain elusive. This study aims to elucidate the variations in the inhibitory control for food and its associated neural correlates throughout the menstrual cycle.Eleven healthy females with regular menstruation participated in the present study. Participants were asked to visit the laboratory at four d

Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by the gradual decline of muscle mass and strength, predominantly affects elderly individuals and those leading sedentary lifestyles. Sarcopenia not only heightens the risk of falls, fractures, and hospitalizations among the elderly but also diminishes their quality of life while imposing a significant financial burden on healthcare systems. To address this challenge, our study aimed to develop an innovative integrated measuring system coupled with intelligent-based analysis to evaluate sarcopenia-related changes in neuromuscular functions and behaviors.We

During speech comprehension the ongoing context of a sentence can be used to predict sentence outcome. Context-dependent predictions are influenced by semantic comprehension, which can be measured via amplitude changes in event related potentials (ERP) (i.e. the N400 and P600 ERP components) and differences in areas of functional activation in response to semantic congruency. Semantic processing is refined throughout language development, reflected in amplitude and latency decreases of these ERP components and gradual activational segregation, with adult like patterns appearing between 10-12 y

…magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) methods, similarly applicable in both patients and translationally relevant preclinical animal models, we established baseline cortical excitability in rhesus macaques, followed by modulation of the E/I balance by diazepam (GABAA PAM).We recorded scalp-EEG from 27 electrodes by a telemetric amplifier system d

Working memory is inherently limited in capacity and duration, which may hamper learning, including in online learning environments. Because working memory capacity varies among individuals, cognitive load in online learning may not have the same impact for neurotypical and neurodivergent students. This study investigated the relationship between neurodivergent traits and cognitive load during online learning. Seventy participants, including 35 neurotypical students and 35 neurodivergent students with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD

The electrophysiological signal recorded from the brain shows rhythmic activity (oscillations) at different frequencies. One such rhythm, called gamma (~30-80 Hz), is modulated by high-level cognitive processes such as attention, memory, and meditation and, therefore, could provide clues about mechanisms underlying high-level cognition. Interestingly, gamma oscillations can be “induced” in the brain by presenting certain stimuli such as bars, gratings, and color patches (especially red hues). Moreover, these stimulus-induced gamma oscillations weaken with age and the onset of Alzheimer’s Disea

FPVS is an electroencephalography marker of discrimination between two classes of frequency tagged stimuli (standards and oddballs). The technique can detect neurodegeneration-related impairment in recognition memory without active response or task comprehension. Here, we develop FPVS as a probe of low-level visual function, with a view to its future use as a sensitive diagnostic marker of visuospatial cognitive impairment. Thirty subjects (21 (±5) years, 7 males) completed five FPVS conditions that implicitly measured their ability to discriminate an oddball line orientation (1°,5°,10°,30°,80

…The information content of electroencephalography (EEG) activity, such as Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZc) or the slope of the 1/f-power decay can differentiate between levels of consciousness, while the phase-locking value (PLV) in the first 24 h of coma is predictive of patients’ outcome. Yet, it remains unknown how these measure

…Current Electroencephalography (EEG) based approaches require substantial time and effort to learn to use. We suggest that a multimodal and multiphase approach may allow stroke survivors to learn to use the BCI more rapidly, enabling early bedside intervention.In phase one, for two sessions, 17 participants learned to perform MI with the help of Transcranial Magnetic S

Aims: nowadays, commercial lightweight electroencephalography (EEG) headsets such as Emotiv EPOC and Muse are gaining popularity in the neuroscience community, mostly in research that monitors natural behaviour outside traditional laboratory settings. These devices often utilize only a few dry or active electrodes in specific locations and signal quality is often inferior compared to their traditional counterparts equipped with electrode caps that require conductive paste for proper functioning. In this study, we wanted to assess the feasibility of a portable, dry electrode-based EEG headset m

…In contrast, electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) provide excellent