Topic: multivariate pattern analysis

Arousal influences episodic memory retrieval, improving performance for arousing to-be-remembered stimuli, but its effect on later memory processes remains unclear. This functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) study investigated the effect of negative and positive arousal on memory of unrelated, neutral information presented following arousal exposure. Considering a decline in episodic memory retrieval and alterations in emotion regulation processes that occur in healthy ageing, we aimed to examine the effect of arousal on memory in young and old adults. Our findings indicate that both gr

The human brain processes speech and melody differently, with the left hemisphere predominantly processing temporal features and the right hemisphere processing spectral features. This asymmetric processing raises questions about the underlying neural dynamics of acoustic feature encoding for speech and music. To further investigate this, we recorded intracranial EEG data from seventeen epileptic patients with implants in primary and associative auditory cortical regions. We utilized a stimulus set comprising one hundred a cappella songs, each presented in three versions: temporally degraded,

It has been demonstrated that observation of grasping actions presented as point-light displays (PLDs) activates the action observation network (AON). The aim of this event-related fMRI study was to investigate the neural correlates of imitation of fully visible (FV) and PLDs manipulative actions within the AON. Twenty-six participants were instructed to imitate a hand rotating two objects in two directions (clockwise, anticlockwise) presented in two visual conditions: FV and PLDs. In each trial of each condition, participants had to observe, plan and imitate the presented action. Passive obse

Although the neurobiological mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder (MDD) are not fully understood, accumulating evidence suggests an association between MDD and reduced levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. The present study used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) with the Mescher-Garwood point-resolved spectroscopy sequence (MEGA-PRESS) to measure GABA levels in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC)/medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). We also assessed resting-state functional connectivity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Ana

Human speech allows to convey information via different execution forms. Thus, on the behavioral level, speech content is independent from production and execution forms. However, it remains unclear whether such a content dimension can be found on the neural level and whether it is possible to dissociate it from the motor dimension. To address this, we recorded magnetoencephalography (MEG) in human subjects that performed two rule-based vocalization tasks. In the first experiment, content (one of two vowels) and production (overt or covert) were instructed separately and in random order. Apply

In recent years electrophysiological studies have profited from the use of multivariate pattern analysis methods. However, these often rely on outdated classification algorithms. Deep neural networks provide high performance at the cost of interpretability of learned features because of black box approaches. In this project, we evaluated how the interpretability of networks for electroencephalography (EEG) data is affected by the network architecture and the method for feature extraction and visualisation. To this aim, we used two convolutional neural network architectures: (1)ResNet, a residu