Topic: parvalbumin (PV)

Inhibitory neurons in the cortex are highly diverse in terms of anatomy, electrophysiology and functions. In the mouse cortex, three major classes of interneurons expressing parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SST) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) constitute more than 80% of GABAergic interneurons. Together with excitatory (E) neurons, they form a canonical microcircuit relevant for cortical computations. Multiple experimental studies have revealed that this canonical microcircuit can exhibit counterintuitive nonlinear behavior. More specifically, the circuit can perform response reversal w

Neuronal responses to sensory stimuli are strongly modulated by an animal’s brain state. Three distinct subtypes of inhibitory interneurons, parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SOM), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) expressing cells, have been identified as key players in flexibly modulating sensory responses [1]. The three interneuron populations have specialized local microcircuit motifs and are targeted differentially by neuromodulators and top-down inputs from higher-order cortical areas. However, the distinct contribution of each interneuron subtype to modulating a cortical network’s d