Reaction time

Dual-task interference is a widely observed phenomenon where the decision-making becomes less efficient (slower or less accurate) [1]. This inefficiency is proposed to be a potential interference between the two decision-making processes, but the nature and extent of this interference have been debated [2]. For example, when two decisions are required simultaneously, dual-task interference might arise due to lower signals or higher noise available for each decision. Furthermore, the suppression of the signal may be partial or complete. However, the nature and extent of dual-task interference c

Individuals regularly have to decide upon motor actions to be performed. Motor decision-making involves the selection between and specification of potential action plans (Cisek, 2007) and necessitates the integration of perceptual, cognitive, and motor processes (Cisek & Kalaska, 2010; van Ede & Nobre, 2023). The influence of cognitive load during decision-making on subsequent motor action execution remains largely unexplored (Gordon et al., 2021). This study investigates the influence of working memory (WM) load on goal-directed pointing movements, hypothesizing that increased WM load

Prism Adaptation (PA) is a visuomanual adaptation paradigm, recently shown to induce multimodal cognitive aftereffects affecting visuospatial representation, auditory representations or auditory divided attention. The present study aimed at investigating whether PA can lower the auditory detection threshold in healthy young and older adults. Fifty-eight healthy subjects (30 young adults aged 24.4 ± 4.6 years and 28 older adults aged 70.9 ± 6.2 years) performed an audiometry test to determine their hearing threshold. Then, 1000 Hz pure tones were played randomly in their left or right ear at th

…In general, the reaction time (RT) toward a target is fast when the interval between cue and target is short and slow when the interval between cue and target is long. IOR is identified by the crossover point of the RT towards cued and un-cued targets. Aging (Madden, 2007), stressors (Yu et al., 2015), and auditory stimuli (Tang et

Perceptual decision-making has often been studied using sensory-to-motor transformation tasks. Shushruth et al. (2022) showed in a visual motion discrimination task (Fig. A) that neurons in the lateral intraparietal cortex (LIP) of two monkeys exhibited delayed evidence-based responses, activating only upon choice target onset after the motion stimulus (Fig. B-C). The LIP neurons were hypothesised to have retrieved information via short-term memory. However, how this was achieved remains unclear.In this work, we extended the nonlinear mean-field model of Wong and Wang (2006) by incorporating a

Reaction time (RT), that is the time it takes for an action plan to be executed, has been the interested of numerous studies. Of particular focus has been the RT in the context of perceptual ambiguities, when evidence towards taking a certain action must be integrated over time in order to execute the correct action. The stochastic drift diffusion model explains how such integration leads to the observed variability in RT, but what explains RT variability in a task where there is no ambiguity in what action will be rewarded?We trained recurrent neural network models to perform a delayed memory

…show that sleep deprivation increases reaction time and improves performance in a visual motion discrimina

Movement vigor changes with reward magnitude: movements exhibit shorter reaction time and increased velocity when directed toward more rewarding options. But what if the reward is turned down? In interactive economic games, people often choose to punish unfair proposers, even when the punishment is personally costly. How vigorously do they move in punishing unfair offers? Is vigor proportional to the incurred self-cost? Or does it rather reflect the cost inflicted on the unfair other? Here, we combined experimental economics and kinematics to address these questions. In study 1, we used motion

…conditions (x0) and that evolves in time by combining at each time step, recurrent activity (F) and inputs (U). We considered different dynamical systems that make predictions about whether 1) initial conditions substantially predict subsequent dynamics and reaction time (RT) and/or choice, and 2) whether i

How actions are regulated based on environmental changes is a fundamental neurobiological question. A key component of action regulation is action inhibition, which when abnormal contributes to various neuropsychiatric disorders. We explored the mechanism of action regulation by recruiting healthy adults (n=15, ages 21-42) to perform reaches towards targets presented on a computer screen using a joystick. The experiment includes: decision-making task, in which subjects were instructed to reach towards one target or freely choose between two targets; stop-signal task, in which a stop signal app

Human behavior is known to be idiosyncratic, yet research in neuroscience typically assumes a universal brain-behavior relationship. Here we test this assumption by estimating the level of idiosyncrasy by compare two different aspects of brain function: task- and behavior-based activation. Human subjects (N=50) perform a perceptual task with confidence inside an MRI scanner. For each subject, task-based activation strength is estimated from blocks of 8 trials. We first show that task-based activation maps are both stable within an individual (r = 0.99) and similar across people (r = 0.59). Beh

…implicit levels (e.g., eye movements, reaction time) of behavior. We developed a novel associative learning task in immersive virtual reality, in which a cue probabilistically predicted the subsequent location of a target to which participants had to reach. Specifically, the current study (N = 30) examined: (1) wh