Topic: respiration rhythm

Changes in olfaction are emerging as early warning signs of several major neurological diseases. Neurological diseases are also associated with aberrant brain rhythms. Olfactory sensory neurons (OSN) deliver input from the nasal epithelium (NE) to the olfactory bulb (OB) and are key drivers of rhythmicity. Here, we examine the role of sensory input arising from the NE in the generation of electrophysiological rhythms in the OB. Rats were implanted with electrodes in the OB and post-surgery gadolinium/saline was infused bilaterally to both nares. Olfactory function was assessed using the hidden

Recent studies in rodents suggest the potential functions of bodily feedback signals to alleviate fear, shedding light on new forms of non-invasive interventions. First, learning proactive coping actions to avoid threats leads to persistent fear-alleviating effects relative to passive extinction procedures (Cain and LeDoux 2007), suggesting that bodily actions could facilitate resilience to learned threats. Second, physiological bodily responses under threat, such as changes in respiration and heart rate, serve as feedback signals to regulate fear (Karalis & Sirota, Nat Comm, 2022; Hsueh e