Topic: subgranular zone

Neuronal apoptosis is a mechanism used to clear the cells of oxidative stress or DNA damage and to refine the final number of neurons for a functional neuronal circuit. The tumour suppressor protein p53 is a key regulator of the cell cycle and serves as a checkpoint for eliminating neurons with high DNA damage, aberrant hyperproliferative signals or cellular stress. Meanwhile p53 is largely expressed in progenitors’ cells during development, in adult mice p53 expression is restricted to the neurogenic niches where it regulates cell proliferation and self-renewal. To investigate the functional

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) occurs in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG) in mice and can be modulated by events such as hyperexcitability present in epilepsy. Evidence shows increased aberrant AHN in chronic severe epilepsy models; however, the impact of mild seizures remains to be explored. In this study, we administered intraperitoneally a low (5mg/kg) or a high dose (25 mg/kg) of kainic acid (KA) to Ascl1/Tom young mice (6-8 weeks) that allow us to target new neurons, to induce acute mild or acute severe seizures, respectively and evaluate differences in neurons b

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the loss of the expression of the paternally expressed genes contained at PWS locus, located at chromosome 15 in humans. The most common molecular cause of the syndrome is a deletion of some of the genes located in this cluster, and specifically, a critical region (PWScr) has been postulated as the minimal deletion capable of giving rise to a PWS phenotype. This region contains several tandem-repeated copies of snoRNA-coding gene SNORD116 and the non-coding gene IPW. In adult mammals, new neurons are produced along the whol

Background: Adult stem cell niches are specialized forms of extracellular matrix suitable for maintaining the development of newborn neurons. The process is regulated by internal and external factors, such as enriched environment (EE). The subgranular zone (SGZ) in the hippocampus is enriched with molecules such as tenascin C (TnC). It is a regulatory glycoprotein involved in the proliferation and migration of different cell types. The aim of this study was to examine how TnC affects the distribution of different biomolecules and the number of developing cells in the adult SGZ.Methods: To dire

In the adult mammalian brain neural stem cells (NSCs) are considered rare cells restricted to two specialised niches, the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the subgranular zone. Recent findings demonstrated that in response to injury new neurons can be generated also by parenchymal astrocytes, however the prevalence, distribution, and behaviour of these ectopic NSCs remained elusive. Consequently, the extent to which the neurogenic potential of the mature brain parenchyma differs from that of conventional neurogenic niches remains to be determined. To tackle this issue, here, we reconstructed the