Topic: Transglutaminase 2

Although essential for protein structure, stability and function, polyamination is still poorly explored posttranslational modification. In the brain, polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine), are involved in a variety of neuronal processes, including neuronal development, neurotransmission, neuroprotection and synaptic plasticity, but it remains to be identified what is the role of polyamination in these mechanisms.Hippocampal pyramidal neurons exhibit specific properties, depending on the subregion. Those found in the subregion CA1 possess plastic synapses and are very sensitive to e

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a widespread enzyme in the transglutaminase family, which consists of nine multifunctional proteins that evolved from the papain family. TG2 is ubiquitously expressed across various tissues and cell types. Its primary role is catalyzing the formation of a durable isopeptide bond through the Ca2+-dependent covalent linkage between the γ-carboxamide group of peptide-bound glutamine and the ε-amino group of lysine in proteins. This enzymatic process results in a proteolytically-resistant bond. Significantly, TG2 activity is observed to increase in several neurodegenera