Immunology ePosters

Excessive capillary flow heterogeneity results in a microcirculatory dysfunction and hinders optimal oxygen delivery into central nervous system (CNS). Irregularities in cellular flow, like dynamic stalls in capillaries is a potential origin of this heterogeneity. Because under systemic inflammatory conditions…

Migraine is a recurrent headache disorder characterized by episodes of acute pain. The overall objective of this work, was to test the hypothesis that the NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in the pathophysiology of migraine and that NLRP3 blockade may represent a novel strategy for migraine management through the design…

Brain ageing in mice leads to the progressive appearance of degenerative granular structures frequently referred to as “PAS granules” because of their positive staining with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). It has been reported that these granules contain neo-epitopes that can be recognised by natural IgM auto-antibodies,…

More pilot studies are emerging with the goal of contributing to the bigger puzzle of personalized multiple sclerosis (MS) therapies. This study aimed to examine the potential benefit of using four non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) (miR-141, miR-9, MEG3, and IFNG-AS1) as prognostic and/or diagnostic biomarkers for MS. We also…

OBJECTIVE: Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as the prevalent neurodegenerative condition globally, characterized by symptoms such as memory loss, language difficulties, disorientation, diminished motivation, self-neglect, mood fluctuations, and behavioral challenges. Despite its widespread impact, the precise cellular…

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by an exacerbated inflammatory response to an infection. This multifactorial syndrome includes loss of hemodynamic coherence, increasing permeability and blood-brain-barrier breakdown, neuronal death, etc. The presence of cognitive deficits increases mortality. It…

Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs) associate with pediatric neurological disorders and are traditionally related to oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) defects in neurons. Interestingly, both PMD mouse models and patients also show gliosis, and pharmacologic depletion of microglia, the brain resident innate…

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. Despite advancements in diagnostic methods, early detection remains challenging. Metabolomic analysis offers a promising, non-invasive approach to identify potential biomarkers for improved diagnostic precision.Cerebrospinal…

A link between type 2 diabetes mellitus and neurodegeneration has been suggested for decades. Diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction has been linked to chronic hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, cholinergic dysfunction, and neuronal degeneration. We investigated the neuroprotective activity of a…

Recent research highlights inflammation's pivotal role in the etiology of psychotic disorders, emphasizing the potential of inflammatory markers as diagnostic and prognostic tools. This study aimed to elucidate the differential profiles of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio(MLR),…

Stroke remains a leading cause of long-term disability, with effective therapies hampered by an incomplete understanding of brain recovery mechanisms. Emerging evidence indicates that the interactions between the brain extracellular matrix (ECM) and glial cells1 critically contribute to post-stroke neuroplasticity and…

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex disorder and multiple molecular mechanisms are involved in AD onset and progression. Recent evidences have suggested that metabolic alterations are an important pathological feature in AD. Likewise, diabetes and obesity, two metabolic illnesses, are risk factors for AD. These two…

Obesity, a multifaceted condition influenced by various environmental factors, represents a critical public health challenge. Among these factors, dietary choices and exposure to metabolic disrupting compounds (MDCs) play pivotal roles in shaping adipose tissue (AT) functions and its crosstalk with different organs,…

S100B is a calcium-binding protein concentrated in astrocytes in the Central Nervous System. It is regarded to act as a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern molecule (for review, 1) and, in this respect, it has also been shown to actively participate in neuroinflammatory processes accompanying Experimental Automimmune…

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent demyelinating disease that primarily affects young adults. Within the realm of MS patients, the extent of disease severity and progression differs greatly across individuals. Studies conducted on post-mortem tissue samples have characterized complex lesion types that diverge…

Depression is a common affective disorder that represents a heavy burden on communities. Psychobiotics, the emerging group of probiotics and postbiotics that affect brain function and mental health have shown promising results in alleviating symptoms of depression. Postbiotics, bioactive compounds released by/or…

Neuroinflammation mediated by toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling pathway has a substantial role to morphine addiction. Αlpha-pinene is a member of the monoterpene family that has exhibited anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of alpha-pinene treatment on TLRs signaling…

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is by far one of the most commonly occurring demyelinating neuroinflammatory diseases of young adults that is characterized by degradation of the myelin sheath of axons resulting eventually in permanent neurological deficits. Several mediators of the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) have been…

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, and it has been reported that α-synuclein accumulates in the gut and then affects the brain along the gut-brain axis. In this study, we used Enterococcus faecium (EF), which was probiotics, that confer health…

Microglial phenotype during Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) continuum is under debate. At early stages, a protective phenotype with the typical DAM profile would participate in plaque compaction and Aβ degradation. Instead, human AD microglia (HAM) show an enhance aged/degenerative profile, supporting a microglial…

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a laboratory model for multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation in the CNS, associated with demyelination and neurological disorders. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is a risk factor for MS. Probiotic strains can modulate…

Molecular signals mediating systemic inflammation entering the brain parenchyma to induce sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation could rapidly increase the plasma adenosine concentration, peaking at 6…

Chronic neuroinflammation, associated with central nervous system (CNS) pathologies, involves persistent microglial activation. Misfolded proteins in Alzheimer’s disease and mechanical CNS lesions initiate prolonged immune responses, contributing to neuronal damage. Recent literature suggests the induction of…

Mutations in Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR1) give rise to Aicardi-Goutières syndrome 6 (AGS6) a severe autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory encephalopathy that presents within the first year of life. Some of the signs of AGS6 are microcephaly, calcifications in basal ganglia and other brain…