Topic: calbindin

The marginal zone (MZ) is the most superficial layer of the developing telencephalon which will become cell sparse adult cortical layer I. In this study the MZ in human and cynomologus monkey was examined on Nissl and immunohistochemically processed postmortem fetal brain tissue. From 7 to 13 postconceptional week (pcw) in human, and from embryonic day (E) 46 to 56 in monkey, large cells that express calbindin and calretinin were observed in the MZ, but the overall cell density was exceptionally low. At 15pcw and E64 cell density increased, and small cells that express calretinin, calbindin, s

The effect of post mortem delay, age of the subjects and fixation protocols were examined on immunostaining of the human brain samples.Short post-mortem time (2-5h) is crucial for the quality of human brain samples. Our group uses cerebral cortical samples and hippocampi with this short post-mortem period, which are suitable for fine structural research. Here the advantages and disadvantages of perfusion and immersion fixation were investigated, and the quality of different immunohistochemical stainings (calbindin, calretinin, parvalbumin, nonphosphorylated neurofilament H /SMI32/ among others

Gestational exposure to valproic acid (VPA) is a valid rodent model of human autism spectrum disorder (ASD). VPA treatment is known to bring about specific behavioral deficits of sociability, matching similar alterations in human autism. Previous quantitative morphometric studies from our laboratory showed a marked reduction and defasciculation of the mesotelencephalic DAergic pathway of VPA treated mice (injected on ED13.5, investigated on PD7), along with a decrease in tissue DA in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), but not in the caudatoputamen (CPu) (assayed by ELISA). In the present study, the

The lateral septum (LS) is supposed to have a role in maternal behaviour based on lesion studies, however, the responsible cellular networks are unknown yet. We aimed to characterize maternally activated septal neurons and their function in maternal regulation. We established that all pup-induced c-Fos+ septal neurons are inhibitory GABAergic neurons. Some of these neurons in the ventral subdivision of the LS (LSv) contain calbindin (Cb+). The number of c-Fos-activated Cb+ neurons was markedly higher in mothers following pup-exposure than pup deprivation. Functional investigation of LS Cb+ neu

X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) is a recessive neurodegenerative disease endemic to Panay, Philippines. The XDP striatum is notably reported to undergo significant atrophy, neuronal loss, and astrogliosis. However, detailed neuropathological studies characterising the human XDP striatum are limited.To advance our understanding of the human XDP striatum, immunohistochemistry coupled with automated analysis was conducted on post-mortem striatal tissue from 12 XDP and 5 age-matched neurologically normal cases to detail (1) the neurochemical architecture and (2) neuronal and glial populations

GABAergic neurons are produced outside cortical proliferative zones and migrate tangentially into the cortex using various routes, including the marginal zone (MZ). Analyzing Nissl and immunohistochemically processed postmortem brain tissue, we observed that between postconceptional week 15 and 20 in human, and between embryonic day 64 and 75 in the cynomolgus monkey, the width of the MZ doubled and the density of small cells expressing calretinin, calbindin, somatostatin and glutamate-decarboxylase (GAD) increased. We also observed that the major sources of these prospective GABAergic neurons

Understanding the mechanisms regulating Ca2+ concentrations in the presynapse is crucial for addressing synaptic function. Most factors contributing to short-term plasticity, serving as a historical record of past synaptic transmission, are located in the presynaptic terminal. We investigated the influence of calcium exchange in different spatial compartments and the dynamics of calcium concentration in the cytosol and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Thus, we unveiled the impact of calcium in the ER on the dynamics of cytosolic calcium concentration in response to action potentials. We establi