Topic: calretinin

The marginal zone (MZ) is the most superficial layer of the developing telencephalon which will become cell sparse adult cortical layer I. In this study the MZ in human and cynomologus monkey was examined on Nissl and immunohistochemically processed postmortem fetal brain tissue. From 7 to 13 postconceptional week (pcw) in human, and from embryonic day (E) 46 to 56 in monkey, large cells that express calbindin and calretinin were observed in the MZ, but the overall cell density was exceptionally low. At 15pcw and E64 cell density increased, and small cells that express calretinin, calbindin, s

Schizophrenia is a major disabling psychiatric disease, significantly impacts patients' social functioning. The lateral septum (LS), a brain region connecting the cortex to the hypothalamus and crucial for regulating affect and social behaviors, is implicated in schizophrenia. We hypothesized that specific populations of LS neurons regulating social interactions are dysregulated during schizophrenia and leveraged the Df(16)A+/- mouse model of schizophrenia to test our hypothesis. This model contains the human 22q11 microdeletion, which in humans, confers a 30% probability to develop schizophre

The effect of post mortem delay, age of the subjects and fixation protocols were examined on immunostaining of the human brain samples.Short post-mortem time (2-5h) is crucial for the quality of human brain samples. Our group uses cerebral cortical samples and hippocampi with this short post-mortem period, which are suitable for fine structural research. Here the advantages and disadvantages of perfusion and immersion fixation were investigated, and the quality of different immunohistochemical stainings (calbindin, calretinin, parvalbumin, nonphosphorylated neurofilament H /SMI32/ among others

Gestational exposure to valproic acid (VPA) is a valid rodent model of human autism spectrum disorder (ASD). VPA treatment is known to bring about specific behavioral deficits of sociability, matching similar alterations in human autism. Previous quantitative morphometric studies from our laboratory showed a marked reduction and defasciculation of the mesotelencephalic DAergic pathway of VPA treated mice (injected on ED13.5, investigated on PD7), along with a decrease in tissue DA in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), but not in the caudatoputamen (CPu) (assayed by ELISA). In the present study, the

GABAergic neurons are produced outside cortical proliferative zones and migrate tangentially into the cortex using various routes, including the marginal zone (MZ). Analyzing Nissl and immunohistochemically processed postmortem brain tissue, we observed that between postconceptional week 15 and 20 in human, and between embryonic day 64 and 75 in the cynomolgus monkey, the width of the MZ doubled and the density of small cells expressing calretinin, calbindin, somatostatin and glutamate-decarboxylase (GAD) increased. We also observed that the major sources of these prospective GABAergic neurons