Topic: cognitive impairments

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread mental health condition affecting over 280 million people worldwide and is a major contributor to the global burden of disease. Despite selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) being the first line of treatment for MDD, 30-40% of patients do not achieve remission, with chronic low-level inflammation linked to treatment resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen compared to the SSRI fluoxetine in a mouse model of inflamed depression. The objective was to explore whether anti-inflammatory dr

Hearing loss in the elderly has been associated with cognitive impairments and an increased risk of dementia. Social withdrawal due to difficulties in verbal interaction may play an important role. Previous research on deafened rats, ruling out language as a potential confounding factor, showed only initial and mild cognitive deficits during learning, whereas electrophysiological recordings in the prefrontal cortex revealed compromised neuronal activity to some extent. The present study tested whether hearing loss would lead to altered expression of the GABA and dopamine (DA) systems in key re

Depression affects 30 million people worldwide, and women are diagnosed with this condition nearly twice as often as men. Cognitive impairments that develop during depression contribute to poor therapeutic outcomes and reduced quality of life. Recognizing the significance of sex as a variable in depression research, we investigated the procognitive properties of a multimodal compound- HBK-15 in female mice using two models of cognitive impairments: induced by NMDA receptor blockade or stress. We employed the object recognition test to assess intermediate recognition memory. We used MK-801 (NMD

Val667Ile is a de novo variant discovered in the GRIN2D gene found to be associated with Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies (DEEs). DEEs are a group of devastating disorders that involve global developmental delay and epileptic abnormalities. Patients with this variant exhibit a range of cognitive and motoric impairments, including intractable epilepsy, intellectual disabilities, motor deficits and premature death. The market lacks suitable treatments that alleviate these symptoms, and available therapy is focused solely on the epileptic phenotype. Our aim is to find a therapy that t

Eye–tracking tasks engage both smooth pursuit and saccadic gaze movements. Performance of these different types of gaze movement during simple visual tasks, can indicate deficits in memory and executive functions. Similarly, changes in pupillary reflexes have been shown to reflect mental effort and cognitive processes. We hypothesised these non-invasive eye-tracking signals will predict verbal memory performance in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.Twenty-nine patients completed simple eye-tracking tasks, probing Smooth Pursuit (SP) and Anti-Pro-Saccade (AP) gaze movements, and were groupe

Sorting Nexin 27 (SNX27) is a hippocampal-enriched endosome-associated cargo adaptor that shapes endocytic events underlying neuronal function and excitability, being relevant for cognitive and reward-associated processes. There is an association of SNX27 with glutamatergic and dopaminergic signaling, as SNX27 modulation alters hippocampal glutamatergic transmission and dopaminergic neurons GABABR-activated GIRK signaling. Notwithstanding, the impact of SNX27 modulation on neuronal circuitry function or behavior remains elusive. In this work we deleted SNX27 in different neuronal types in orde

Depression, affecting 280 million people worldwide, is marked by a significant treatment gap. Current therapies with delayed onset of action fail to alleviate the symptoms in almost half of patients, often neglecting the cognitive deficits. This highlights the critical need for fast-acting antidepressants with memory-enhancing properties. HBK-15, a multimodal compound, previously demonstrated antidepressant-, anxiolytic-like and antiamnesic effects in rodents. Our study aimed to explore HBK-15's potential in reversing stress-induced behavioral abnormalities and elucidating its underlying mecha