Delivery as the rate-limiting step for cancer vaccines

This panel examines why strong immunogenicity in cancer-vaccine development does not always translate into clinical benefit. Prasun Chakraborty, Nora Disis and Timothy Spear compare delivery strategies aimed at the immune system or the tumour and discuss trade-offs between platforms. The programme considers how manufacturing limits and combination regimens constrain feasible approaches, and how delivery decisions influence immune activation, clinical translation and production at scale.