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Emily Jacobs - New frontiers in women's brain health
Emily Jacobs will examine how endocrine transitions such as the circadian cycle, menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause reshape the human brain. The talk combines precision brain imaging with a review of research, policy, and funding efforts intended to close persistent gaps in women's brain-health evidence.
Importance of perinatal hormones and diet on hypothalamic development and lifelong metabolic regulation
Long-term effects of diet-induced obesity on gut-brain communication
Rapid communication between the gut and the brain about recently consumed nutrients is critical for regulating food intake and maintaining energy homeostasis. We have shown that the infusion of nutrients directly into the gastrointestinal tract rapidly inhibits hunger-promoting AgRP neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus and suppresses subsequent feeding. The mechanism of this inhibition appears to be dependent upon macronutrient content, and can be recapitulated by a several hormones secreted in the gut in response to nutrient ingestion. In high-fat diet-induced obese mice, the response of AgRP neurons to nutrient-related stimuli are broadly attenuated. This attenuation is largely irreversible following weight loss and may represent a mechanism underlying difficulty with weight loss and propensity for weight regain in obesity.