Neuroinflammation

…on obesity-related metabolic changes, neuroinflammation and brain function. Training covers experimental models, metabolic and behavioural assessment, molecular assays and data analysis. Send the documents specified on the source page by 30 September 2026; shortlisted applicants are interviewed.

…their expression is upregulated in neuroinflammation process. On the one hand CB2R show a neurop

Molecular signals mediating systemic inflammation entering the brain parenchyma to induce sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation could rapidly increase the plasma adenosine concentration, peaking at 6 hours post LPS injection (hpi). Using in vivo 2P-LSM imaging of adenosine sensor GRABAdo, we observed elevated adenosine levels in the cortex of awake mice, also peaking at 6 hpi. These concomitant pathological events strongly suggest adenosine in the circulation can join forces to

Neuroinflammation mediated by toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling pathway has a substantial role to morphine addiction. Αlpha-pinene is a member of the monoterpene family that has exhibited anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of alpha-pinene treatment on TLRs signaling pathway in the rat hippocampus after morphine dependence and withdrawal. Six groups of male Wistar rats were used in two categories, including dependent and withdrawal. Morphine (10 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected twice daily for 10 consecutive days to induce dependence. Al

…loss, astro- and microgliosis and neuroinflammation preceding the spontaneous recurrent seizures. Recently, an AAV-PHP.B-GFAP-interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene therapy exhibited impressive neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in mouse models of traumatic brain in

…and these become ‘activated’ during neuroinflammation. Autophagy and its dysfunction have been implicated in some genetic forms of PD, with alpha-synuclein accumulation and aggregation linked to autophagy suppression. Using alpha-synuclein triplica

There is increasing evidence for dysfunction of blood-brain barrier (BBB) to play a critical role in the pathological mechanisms and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD-related pathology such as alpha-synuclein (aSyn) accumulation potentially affects the integrity of the BBB starting at an early disease stage. This could result in a self-perpetuating pathophysiology of inflammation and BBB alteration, which contributes to neurodegeneration.In our initial study, we described microvascular changes during disease progression in a mouse model with overexpression of human aSyn (Thy1-aSyn, l

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta, leading to motor and cognitive impairments. The lack of a cure for this disease highlights the urgency in finding drugs that can modify its course. This emphasizes the importance of creating preclinical models that mimic major aspects of the disease. Rotenone, a natural pesticide that inhibits the mitochondrial complex I, has been shown to induce inflammation and selectively destroys nigrostriatal dopaminergic cells and thus presents itself as a

…developed that exhibit Aβ pathology, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and behavioural impairment. A rigorous battery of behavioural tests and analyses was utilised to further our knowledge of Alzheimer's disease.Our study comprised young (6-months), middle-aged (12-months), and old (22-months) AppNL-G-F

…of brain diseases defined by severe neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and age-related pathophysiological processes. The CAG-hACE2 transgenic mice were designed to express the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor, which is involved in the RAS. However, the relevance of ACE2 at the brain level remains unclear. The purpose of our research is to characterize CAG-hACE2 transgenic mice of both sexes, females an

…Several studies suggest that neuroinflammation occurs in reward-related brain circuit following bingeing on food high in sugar. In addition, preclinical studies in rat highlight cognitive consequences of binge-sucrose intake, affecting both anxiety levels and memory performance, with inconsistent results.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with immune alterations and neuroinflammation. Increasing endocannabinoid tone attenuates ASD-related behavioural changes in rodent models and modulates Toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced neuro-immune responses. This study examined the effect of TLR3 activation, in the presence or absence of a fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor, on neuroinflammatory gene expression and endocannabinoid levels, in a preclinical rodent model of ASD. Female Sprague-Dawley rats prenatally exposed to either saline or valproic acid (VPA) received 1) the TLR3 agonist

Neuroinflammation is a fundamental element of many neurodegenerative disorders. Activation of astrocytes and microglia cells leads to a release of cytokines and reactive oxygen species followed by leakage of the blood-brain barrier and neurotoxicity. Transient neuroinflammation is understood to be largely protective, chronic neuroinflammation, however, contributes to the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease, traumatic brain injury, and many more. In this study, we focus on the aspect of cytokine-induced neuroinflammation in human microglia cells and especially in astrocytes, since many studies on

…(Aβ), tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neuronal degeneration.Cannabidiol (CBD) is a safe, non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid that exhibits immunomodulatory activity in neurodegenerative disease, may ameliorate AD symptoms and slow cognitive decline.In this study, we aimed to examine whether chronic treatment with CBD can prevent cognitive and social deficits in a rat model of sporadic AD, and whether these changes are associated wit

…to decrease neurogenesis and increase neuroinflammation in the hippocampus. Anti-inflammatory drugs are suggested as a potential solution to mitigate cognitive decline from radiation.Aims: Analyzing the

…animals developed IFNAR1-dependent neuroinflammation, characterized primarily by the presence of CD8 T cells and inflammatory monocytes. Single nuclei transcriptome analyses revealed homeostatic dysfunction in glial cells

…(BBB) impairment, which leads to neuroinflammation. We aimed to assess the contribution of brain endothelial dysfunction to HT-induced brain injury in mice. We induced the loss of NEMO, the essential modulator of nuclear factor-κB, in brain endothelial cells (NemobeKO). Control mice received tamoxifen (NemoFl). HT was induced by chronic infusion of angiotensin II and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in the drinking water for 28 days. After 7 days, HT m

…for preventing disruption of the neuroinflammation process. The aim was to investigate the impact of voluntary wheel running on neuroinflammation, including Nlrp3 infl

…Despite neuroinflammation being linked to greater dementia risk, the interaction of central and peripheral inflammatory processes to influence disease courses remain ill-understood. A key site-of-interest for this interaction is the choroid plexus. Beyond secreting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), it has been proposed as a gateway for peripheral immune cell entry into the central nervous system (CNS). As such, increases in choroid volume measurable with structural magnetic resonan

The choroid plexus (ChP) is a highly vascularized non-neural tissue located in the brain ventricles and is responsible for the production of a large part of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In addition, the epithelial cells of the ChP synthesize neurotrophic factors and other signalling molecules into CSF and act as a blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Importantly, ChP cells harbour a robust circadian oscillator that may control ChP function and may play an important role in the circuitry between brain clocks. In this study, we aimed to find out whether the ChP clock is sensitive to a robust imm

The molecular nature of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and major depression is still unclear. Lipids may play an important role in the understanding of these disorders, as they are the most abundant yet poorly studied components of the human brain. In this work, we present a comparative lipidomic map of the human brain affected by schizophrenia or major depressive disorder. The study involved three groups of donors, 7 donors each, which included schizophrenic and depressive donors as well as healthy controls. The lipid composition of 36 brain regions was evaluated by liquid chroma

…memory activity, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, cerebral glucose metabolism, and neurodegenerative progression

Recent findings reveal an increased risk of cognitive impairment in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). To better understand the interactions between CKD and neurodegenerative diseases, twenty Sprague Dawley rats underwent either 5/6 Nephrectomy (Nx) or Sham operation through random allocation at two different time onsets: six or twelve weeks of age. Twenty-four weeks after surgery, renal function and histopathological parameters were evaluated. The 5/6Nx rats showed increased blood creatinine and urea levels as well as kidney inflammation at both time onsets. This renal damage appe

…is an associated pathology in neuroinflammation associated with TBI. The correlation between lev