Topic: precuneus

Intergenerational transfer effects describe the transmission of traits, skills, or biology from parents to their offspring. Through genetic and environmental influences parents, for example, impact their children’s ability for perspective-taking (i.e., mentalizing), which is linked to an individuals’ healthy social functioning. Mentalizing is supported by a network of brain regions, including bilateral temporoparietal junction, precuneus, and prefrontal cortex. The neural correlates reflecting on parent-child similarity have yet to be studied. Here, we describe task-based functional connectivi

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is the non-invasive application of a weak electrical current between electrodes placed on the head. It enables cognitive modulation in humans by affecting neuronal excitability and plasticity, although the precise working mechanisms and optimal stimulation approaches are still unknown. Simultaneous functional brain network recording using magnetoencephalography (MEG) could enhance our understanding of the neurophysiological effects of tES and facilitate closed-loop neuromodulation.A concurrent tES-MEG session will be conducted in 20 adults without a ne

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is believed to have a prolonged preclinical phase when aggregates of soluble, neurotoxic tau and amyloid species accrue and slowly develop into positron emission tomography (PET)-detectable neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques, respectively, which in turn herald the onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Hence, understanding the spatiotemporal timeline for the accrual of these early pathological species prior to PET detection and clinical symptoms will facilitate the development of disease-modifying AD therapies. In this study, we quantified the

Mentalizing, the ability of perspective-taking, underlies individuals’ healthy social functioning and is supported by a core brain network, including temporoparietal and prefrontal regions. Evidence suggests similar brain regions to be recruited during mentalizing already in early childhood (Fehlbaum et al.,2022), but the changes of functional correlates in correspondence to neural network formation (i.e., functional connectivity (FC)) have yet to be tested. Here we report data from 81 typically developing children (6-14 y, mean=10.06 y; 29 girls) who completed CAToon (Borbás et al.,2020), an

The aim of this study was to investigate whether grey matter densities (GMD) in the brain associate with speech disfluency in 120 (65M, 55F) 5-year-old children. Speech disfluency, which was quantified via audio recordings, was measured as a continuous variable, covering a broad spectrum of disfluencies observed in a sample of children participating in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort study. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of the whole brain was utilised to examine the associations between GMD and speech disfluency. We found negative associations between

How our conscious experience materialize from our predictions is an open question in neuroscience and philosophy. Here we test the hypothesis that top-down predictions arise from a trio of domain-specific generative models (Fig 1a) within prefrontal (PFC) nodes of the Default-Mode Network (DMN), and integrate within its parietal nodes, forming the basis for our dynamic consciousness.Smoothed binary ratings of prediction updates for State changes, Agent beliefs, and Action sequences from an online sample were used as parametric regressors for the GLMs. These ratings indicating experience shifts

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) manifests as a self-perceived deterioration in memory and thinking abilities, undetectable through objective tests, but which is considered as an early at-risk phase for developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Understanding the brain structural and functional changes that underlie this condition is important in developing interventions that would prevent the evolution to dementia. Neuroimaging structural and resting state studies comparing SCD individuals with healthy controls (HC) have reported inconsistent results. Therefore