Topic: structural magnetic resonance imaging

Neurodegenerative disorders have a substantial immune component, implicating both peripheral and central immune systems. Despite neuroinflammation being linked to greater dementia risk, the interaction of central and peripheral inflammatory processes to influence disease courses remain ill-understood. A key site-of-interest for this interaction is the choroid plexus. Beyond secreting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), it has been proposed as a gateway for peripheral immune cell entry into the central nervous system (CNS). As such, increases in choroid volume measurable with structural magnetic resonan

Brain volume is commonly found in dementia both Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) and non-Alzheimer’s dementia (NAD). Clinical decision-making could be supported by identifying differences in brain parameters. This study investigates brain volume differences among individuals with normal cognition (NC), AD, and NAD using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and automated analysis with FreeSurfer. The aim is to identify brain parameters to differentiate between each group. A total of 76 participants were categorized into NC, AD, and NAD groups, and their brain scans were processed to obtain abso

The complement system is an innate immune pathway that responds to pathogens and cellular stress. The complement receptor C3aR is expressed on various brain cells, especially microglia. C3a, the ligand of C3aR, is elevated in several psychiatric disorders, such as psychosis, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. Previous studies have shown that mice lacking C3aR exhibit behavioural abnormalities, including anxiety, hyperactivity, and working memory deficit. These findings indicate that C3aR is involved in the development and/or function of brain circuits. We performed a brain imaging

The aim of this study was to investigate whether grey matter densities (GMD) in the brain associate with speech disfluency in 120 (65M, 55F) 5-year-old children. Speech disfluency, which was quantified via audio recordings, was measured as a continuous variable, covering a broad spectrum of disfluencies observed in a sample of children participating in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort study. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of the whole brain was utilised to examine the associations between GMD and speech disfluency. We found negative associations between

Maternal prenatal distress is an important contributor to child neurodevelopmental trajectories but relatively few studies have explored the effect of distress exposure longitudinally across the perinatal period. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between exposure to pre- and postnatal maternal distress and child brain development in 5-year-olds. Mother-child dyads (n=173) were recruited from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort study. Maternal distress was quantified with composite scores of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the anxiety subscale of the Symptom Check

Previous research has shown that several subcortical brain regions, including the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the thalamus, in patients diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) show a reduced volume relative to people who are not diagnosed with PTSD. There are also findings of a reduction of the volume of the corpus callosum in male children that have experienced child maltreatment and female children that have experienced sexual abuse. In this study, we aim to expand this finding to a broader population of trauma-survivors who experienced childhood neglect and/or potentially tr