Topic: butyrate

Acute stress exposures are the building blocks of chronic stress. Unravelling the mechanisms underpinning the whole-body response to acute stress is critical to understand this neglected aspect of health and disease. A single acute stress exposure rapidly modulates gut-brain axis signalling including intestinal permeability and hippocampal plasticity. The gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as an important modulator of mood and cognition, and microbially-produced metabolites such as butyrate can be a key regulator of brain and gut function via the gut-brain axis. The aim of this work is

Antibiotics are tremendously beneficial in reducing mortality rates by combating infections but their excessive use has led to severe antibiotic resistance worldwide. The ingestion of oral antibiotics dramatically alters the gut microbiome. Critically, there is limited understanding of the effects of a dysfunctional microbiome on brain function. Male C57BL/6J mice (2–4 months) were given drinking water containing antibiotics (ABX group; ampicillin, neomycin, gentamicin, metronidazole, and vancomycin) or untreated water (CON group). Separate cohorts received butyrate, a key microbiome-derived m

Gut microbiota perturbation and motor dysfunction have been reported in steatosis patients. Rats with mild liver damage (MLD) also show motor dysfunction mediated by neuroinflammation and altered GABAergic neurotransmission in the cerebellum. The extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic proxy whose molecular basis rely partly upon TGFbeta action. Therefore, this study aimed to assess if MSC-EVs improve motor dysfunction in rats with MLD and analyze underlying mechanisms, including the role of EVs, TGFbeta, neuroinflammation, and gut m

Growing evidence implicates the gut microbiome in brain health and disease. Since worldwide consumption of oral antibiotics continues to rise, it is imperative to understand how microbiome-depleting antibiotics affect cognition. We studied a murine model in which mice drank water containing an antibiotic cocktail (ABX group) or untreated water (CON group). Separate cohorts received butyrate, a key microbiome-derived metabolite, either in the presence (ABXBA group) or absence (BA group) of antibiotics. The four groups were tested at 4 weeks of treatment. We assessed hippocampus–related spatial